Cachaça Production in Brazil and its Main Contaminant (Ethyl Carbamate)

Autor(es)

João Henrique do Nascimento e Silva ^[1] ; Marta Regina Verruma-Bernardi ^[2] ; Alessandra Lopes de Oliveira ^[3]

Afiliação do(s) autor(es)

^[1] Universidade Federal de São Carlos. Centro de Ciências Agrárias - Brasil

^[2] Universidade Federal de São Carlos. Centro de Ciências Agrárias - Brasil

^[3] Universidade de São Paulo. FZEA. Depto. de Engenharia de Alimentos - Brasil

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: Scientia Agricola; v. 77, n. 2 2019-09-02.

Resumo

ABSTRACT This review aims to demonstrate the possible formation of Ethyl carbamate (EC) in different production stages of cachaça. EC is a carcinogen confirmed in animal experiments and possibly carcinogenic to humans. EC incidence below relevant health limits naturally affects many fermented foods and beverages. Concentrations above 1 mg L–1 are often detected in certain spirits derived from cyanogenic plants. In Brazil, cachaça is widely consumed and therefore consumers are at health risk if they drink EC beverages at high concentrations, since the amount of EC in cachaça (sugar cane brandy) constantly exceeds the threshold 0.21 mg L–1, damaging the health of consumers and hindering exportation to North America and Europe. Many studies have reported on EC formation at different stages of the cachaça production process. Most studies refer to EC formation during fermentation and distillation. In fermentation, reaction occurs between ethanol and nitrogen precursors, such as urea (H2NCONH2) and cyanide (CN–) to form EC. In distillation, cupric ions catalyze cyanide conversion from EC; however, in discontinuous distillation, the bottling fraction of cachaça reduced EC concentration. Although this review describes the possible routes of EC formation at different production stages of cachaça, it presents some studies on EC reduction in alcoholic beverages. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 16/13460-8 - Estudo da obtenção de extratos do mesocarpo e das amêndoas de babaçu, de castanha do Brasil, amêndoa de Pequi e sementes de Sacha Inchi usando extração com CO2 supercrítico e líquido pressurizado
• Beneficiário: Alessandra Lopes de Oliveira
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Regular