Synergistic effects of warming and disease linked to high mortality in cool-adapted terrestrial frogs

Autor(es)

Neely, Wesley J. ^[1] ; Greenspan, Sasha E. ^[1] ; Ribeiro, Luisa P. ^[2] ; Carvalho, Tamilie ^[2] ; Martins, Renato A. ^[3] ; Rodriguez, David ^[4] ; Rohr, Jason R. ^[5] ; Haddad, Celio F. B. ^{[6, 7]} ; Toledo, Luis Felipe ^[2] ; Becker, C. Guilherme ^[1]

Afiliação do(s) autor(es)

^[1] Univ Alabama, Dept Biol Sci, 1325 Sci & Engn Complex, 300 Hackberry Lane, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 - USA

^[2] Univ Estadual Campinas UNICAMP, Dept Biol Anim, BR-13083862 Campinas, SP - Brazil

^[3] Univ Fed Sao Carlos, Ctr Ciencias Biol & Saude, BR-13565905 Sao Carlos, SP - Brazil

^[4] Texas State Univ, Dept Biol, San Marcos, TX 78666 - USA

^[5] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Biol Sci, Notre Dame, IL 46556 - USA

^[6] Univ Estadual Paulista UNESP, Inst Biociencias, Dept Biodiversidade, BR-13506900 Rio Claro, SP - Brazil

^[7] Univ Estadual Paulista UNESP, Ctr Aquicultura CAUNESP, BR-13506900 Rio Claro, SP - Brazil

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: Biological Conservation; v. 245, MAY 2020.
• Citações Web of Science: 0

Resumo

Cool-adapted species inhabiting montane tropical forests are vulnerable to heat stress associated with climate warming. According to the thermal mismatch hypothesis, pathogens are predicted to have broader thermal tolerances than their hosts, which can lead to increased pathogen loads and host mortality when temperatures are outside hosts' thermal optima. We tested the thermal mismatch hypothesis in two habitat generalist species expected to have wide thermal tolerance ranges: Dendropsophus minutus captured at a high elevation and D. elegans captured at a warmer low elevation. We also tested high-elevation individuals of the Brazilian direct-developing species Ischnocnema parva, which are expected to have a narrow thermal tolerance range based on life history. We exposed all frogs to the pathogenic fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) under three temperatures ranging from the average nighttime temperature where frogs were collected (16 and 21 degrees C for high and low elevations, respectively) to a simulated warming event (26 degrees C). Bd loads across all three host species were negatively associated with temperature. However, the interaction between Bd infection and warming led to increased mortality in cool-adapted I. parva at higher temperatures, despite lower infection loads. Our results indicate that Bd may lead to declines of cool-adapted montane frogs under the combined pressures of pathogen infection and warming, even at temperatures approaching the pathogen's upper thermal limit. Thus, climatic warming at a level that lowers fitness of heat-sensitive pathogens may not uniformly reduce host disease risk. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 18/23622-0 - Implicações do comércio nacional e internacional de Rã-Touro na dispersão e tolerância adquirida ao fungo quitrídio e medidas para conservação de anuros
• Beneficiário: Luisa de Pontes Ribeiro
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Doutorado
• Processo FAPESP: 16/25358-3 - O fungo quitrídio no Brasil: da sua origem às suas consequências
• Beneficiário: Luis Felipe de Toledo Ramos Pereira
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Temático
• Processo FAPESP: 13/50741-7 - Diversidade e conservação dos anfíbios brasileiros
• Beneficiário: Célio Fernando Baptista Haddad
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Programa BIOTA - Temático
• Processo FAPESP: 16/03344-0 - O quitrídio nos ranários do estado de São Paulo e suas implicações para conservação da fauna nativa
• Beneficiário: Luisa de Pontes Ribeiro
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Mestrado