SARS-CoV-2, hemoglobin and protoporphyrin IX: Interactions and perspectives

Autor(es)

Courrol, Lilia Coronato ^[1] ; de Oliveira Silva, Flavia Rodrigues ^[2] ; Masilamani, Valdivel ^[3]

Afiliação do(s) autor(es)

^[1] Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Fis, Diadema, SP - Brazil

^[2] IPEN CNEN SP, Ctr Ciencias & Tecnol Mat, Inst Pesquisas Energet & Nucl, Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

^[3] King Saud Univ, Coll Sci, Phys & Astron Dept, Laser Grp, Riyadh - Saudi Arabia

• Tipo de documento: Artigo de Revisão
• Fonte: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy; v. 34, JUN 2021.
• Citações Web of Science: 0

Resumo

Background: SARS-CoV-2 attacks hemoglobin through its structural protein ORF3a, dissociating the iron from the heme, as iron is necessary by cell machinery for virus replication. In this process protoporphyrin (PpIX) is released. Methods: The decrease in the hemoglobin levels observed in patients with Covid-19 is frequently accompanied by an increase in PpIX levels. This evidence was confirmed by the quantification of PpIX by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). PpIX emission is observed in its two characteristic bands at approximately 635 nm and 705 nm. Results: This paper searches to understand the role of heme and PpIX inside the cells. Perspectives on the use of PpIX fluorescence as a sensor to monitor the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in the tissue, blood, urine, or feces to map the evolution and severity of the disease or to monitor the response of the Covid-19 treatment modalities were described. Conclusion: Fluorescence spectroscopy could be adopted as an excellent diagnostic technique for Covid-19, of low cost and high sensitivity. This method can potentially be used as a marker to monitor the response to the treatments. Photodynamic and sonodynamic therapies using the endogenous PpIX increased in the acute phase of the disease, could be employed for Covid-19 treatment. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 17/23686-6 - Utilização da Espectroscopia de Fluorescência na Detecção de Contaminação em Alimentos
• Beneficiário: Lilia Coronato Courrol
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Regular