Avocado kernels, an industrial residue: a source of compounds with insecticidal activity against silverleaf whitefly

Autor(es)

de Carvalho, Sheila Salles ^[1] ; Ribeiro, Leandro do Prado ^[2] ; Forim, Moacir Rossi ^[3] ; das Gracas Fernandes da Silva, Maria Fatima ^[3] ; Bicalho, Keylla Utherdyany ^[3] ; Fernandes, Joao Batista ^[3] ; Vendramim, Jose Djair ^[1]

Afiliação do(s) autor(es)

^[1] Univ Sao Paulo ESALQ USP, Luiz de Queiroz Coll Agr, Dept Entomol & Acarol, BR-13418900 Piracicaha, SP - Brazil

^[2] Agr Res & Rural Extens Co Santa Catarina CEPAF EP, Res Ctr Family Agr, Rua Servidao Ferdinando Ricieri Tusset S-N, BR-89803904 Chapeco, SC - Brazil

^[3] Fed Univ Sao Carlos UFSCar, Dept Chem, BR-13565905 Sao Carlos, SP - Brazil

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: Environmental Science and Pollution Research; v. 28, n. 2, p. 2260-2268, JAN 2021.
• Citações Web of Science: 0

Resumo

Fruit processing waste, such as kernels (endocarp + seed) of avocado {[}Persea americanaMill. (Lauraceae)], could be used as raw material in the preparation of botanical insecticides. In light of this potential, this study assessed the insecticidal action of extracts and fractions from kernels of two avocado cultivars (Breda and Margarida) onBemisia tabaci(Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) biotype B, an important pest species in tropical conditions. Ethanolic and aqueous extracts prepared from kernels ofP. americana, regardless of the plant cultivar used, caused promising insecticidal activity to whitefly nymphs. Based on yield in crude extracts {[}10.32 and 9.85% (w/w), respectively, for cultivars Breda and Margarida], on the bioassay results with crude extracts and on the chemical profiles, the ethanolic extract of kernels ofP. americanacv. Breda was chose for the continuation of the study. Thus, the ethanolic extract of kernels of cv. Breda (LC50 = 197.84 ppm and LC90 = 567.19 ppm) was selected and subjected to fractionation by the liquid-liquid partition technique. The hexane and dichloromethane fractions of this extract caused significant mortality of nymphs. The analysis using the ultraviolet (UV) and hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance (H-1 NMR) showed the presence of long-chain aliphatic compounds (alkanols or acetogenins of Lauraceae), alkylfurans (or avocadofurans), and unsaturated fatty acids in these fractions, which are possibly related to bioactivity observed inB. tabaci, besides saccharides. The results show that kernels ofP. americanaare promising sources of compounds with insecticidal action for the control ofB. tabacibiotype B, a great opportunity to transform environmental problems into eco-friendly solutions to agriculture. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 12/25299-6 - Estudos integrados para o controle de formigas cortadeiras
• Beneficiário: João Batista Fernandes
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Temático
• Processo FAPESP: 10/52638-0 - Prospeccao biomonitorada de substancias entomotoxicas em anonaceas neotropicais, utilizando sitophilus zeamais mots. (coleoptera: curculionidae) como bioindicador.
• Beneficiário: Leandro Do Prado Ribeiro
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Doutorado
• Processo FAPESP: 11/23030-7 - Bioatividade de extratos orgânicos e frações de Annonaceae sobre Zabrotes subfasciatus (Boheman) (Coleoptera:Bruchidae)
• Beneficiário: Gabriel Luiz Padoan Gonçalves
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Iniciação Científica