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What do we know about the function of SARS-CoV-2 proteins?

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Autor(es):
Arevalo, Santiago Justo ; Castillo-Chavez, Adriana ; Calampa, Carmen Sofia Uribe ; Sifuentes, Daniela Zapata ; Huallpa, Cesar J. ; Bianchi, Gianfranco Landa ; Casas, Romina Garavito-Salini ; Aguilar, Mauro Quinones ; Chavarria, Roberto Pineda
Número total de Autores: 9
Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
Fonte: FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY; v. 14, p. 14-pg., 2023-09-18.
Resumo

The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the importance in the understanding of the biology of SARS-CoV-2. After more than two years since the first report of COVID-19, it remains crucial to continue studying how SARS-CoV-2 proteins interact with the host metabolism to cause COVID-19. In this review, we summarize the findings regarding the functions of the 16 non-structural, 6 accessory and 4 structural SARS-CoV-2 proteins. We place less emphasis on the spike protein, which has been the subject of several recent reviews. Furthermore, comprehensive reviews about COVID-19 therapeutic have been also published. Therefore, we do not delve into details on these topics; instead we direct the readers to those other reviews. To avoid confusions with what we know about proteins from other coronaviruses, we exclusively report findings that have been experimentally confirmed in SARS-CoV-2. We have identified host mechanisms that appear to be the primary targets of SARS-CoV-2 proteins, including gene expression and immune response pathways such as ribosome translation, JAK/STAT, RIG-1/MDA5 and NF-k beta pathways. Additionally, we emphasize the multiple functions exhibited by SARS-CoV-2 proteins, along with the limited information available for some of these proteins. Our aim with this review is to assist researchers and contribute to the ongoing comprehension of SARS-CoV-2's pathogenesis. (AU)

Processo FAPESP: 15/13318-4 - Engenharia estrutural do sítio ativo de diguanilato ciclases (domínios GGDEF) para a produção de novos segundos mensageiros
Beneficiário:Santiago Justo Arevalo
Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Doutorado Direto
Processo FAPESP: 22/00943-1 - Estudos estruturais e funcionais na enzima degradadora de cianeto CynD de Bacillus safensis PER-URP-08
Beneficiário:Santiago Justo Arevalo
Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Pós-Doutorado