Elucidating the effects of pure glyphosate and a commercial formulation on early life stages of zebrafish using a complete biomarker approach: All-or-nothing!

Autor(es)

Abe, Flavia Renata ; Dorta, Daniel Junqueira ; Gravato, Carlos ; de Oliveira, Danielle Palma

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: Science of The Total Environment; v. 916, p. 14-pg., 2024-01-26.

Resumo

The search for new methods in the toxicology field has increased the use of early life stages of zebrafish (Danio rerio) as a versatile organism model. Here, we use early stages of zebrafish to evaluate glyphosate as pure active ingredient and within a commercial formulation in terms of oxidative stress. Biomarkers involved in the oxidative status were evaluated along with other markers of neurotoxicity, genotoxicity, cytotoxicity, energy balance and motor performance, and the selected tools were evaluated by its sensitivity in determining earlywarning events. Zebrafish embryos exposed to glyphosate active ingredient and glyphosate-based formulation were under oxidative stress, but only the commercial formulation delayed the embryogenesis, affected the cholinergic neurotransmission and induced DNA damage. Both altered the motor performance of larvae at very low concentrations, becoming larvae hypoactive. The energy balance was also impaired, as embryos under oxidative stress had lower lipids reserves. Although data suggest that glyphosate-based formulation has higher toxicity than the active ingredient itself, the most sensitive biomarkers detected early -warning effects at very low concentrations of the active ingredient. Biochemical biomarkers of defense system and oxidative damage were the most sensitive tools, detecting pro -oxidant responses at very low concentrations, along with markers of motor performance that showed high sensitivity and high throughput, suitable for detecting early effects linked to neurotoxicity. Alterations on morphology during embryogenesis showed the lowest sensitivity, thus morphological alterations appeared after several alterations at biochemical levels. Tools evaluating DNA damage and cell proliferation showed mid -sensitivity, but low throughput, thus they could be used as complementary markers. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 18/24298-2 - Utilização de estratégia de multi-biomarcadores em zebrafish como plataforma para estimar os efeitos neurocomportamentais induzidos por retardantes de chama
• Beneficiário: Danielle Palma de Oliveira
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Regular
• Processo FAPESP: 18/06945-0 - Zebrafish como modelo para estimar os efeitos de múltiplos estressores ambientais: uso de técnicas multi-biomarcadores
• Beneficiário: Flavia Renata Abe
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Pós-Doutorado
• Processo FAPESP: 14/50945-4 - INCT 2014: Instituto Nacional de Tecnologias Alternativas para Detecção, Avaliação Toxicológica e Remoção de Micropoluentes e Radioativos
• Beneficiário: Maria Valnice Boldrin
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Temático