Intermittent hypoxia-induced sensitization of central chemoreceptors contributes to sympathetic nerve activity during late expiration in rats

Autor(es)

Molkov, Yaroslav I. ^[1] ; Zoccal, Daniel B. ^{[2, 3]} ; Moraes, Davi J. A. ^[2] ; Paton, Julian F. R. ^[4] ; Machado, Benedito H. ^[2] ; Rybak, Ilya A. ^[1]

Afiliação do(s) autor(es)

^[1] Drexel Univ, Coll Med, Dept Neurobiol & Anat, Philadelphia, PA 19129 - USA

^[2] Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Med Ribeirao Preto, Dept Physiol, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[3] Univ Fed Santa Catarina, Ctr Biol Sci, Dept Physiol Sci, Florianopolis, SC - Brazil

^[4] Univ Bristol, Bristol Heart Inst, Sch Physiol & Pharmacol, Bristol, Avon - England

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: Journal of Neurophysiology; v. 105, n. 6, p. 3080-3091, JUN 2011.
• Citações Web of Science: 57

Resumo

Molkov YI, Zoccal DB, Moraes DJ, Paton JF, Machado BH, Rybak IA. Intermittent hypoxia-induced sensitization of central chemoreceptors contributes to sympathetic nerve activity during late expiration in rats. J Neurophysiol 105: 3080-3091, 2011. First published April 6, 2011; doi:10.1152/jn.00070.2011.-Hypertension elicited by chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) is associated with elevated activity of the thoracic sympathetic nerve (tSN) that exhibits an enhanced respiratory modulation reflecting a strengthened interaction between respiratory and sympathetic networks within the brain stem. Expiration is a passive process except for special metabolic conditions such as hypercapnia, when it becomes active through phasic excitation of abdominal motor nerves (AbN) in late expiration. An increase in CO2 evokes late-expiratory (late-E) discharges phase-locked to phrenic bursts with the frequency increasing quantally as hypercapnia increases. In rats exposed to CIH, the late-E discharges synchronized in AbN and tSN emerge in normocapnia. To elucidate the possible neural mechanisms underlying these phenomena, we extended our computational model of the brain stem respiratory network by incorporating a population of presympathetic neurons in the rostral ventrolateral medulla that received inputs from the pons, medullary respiratory compartments, and retrotrapezoid nucleus/parafacial respiratory group (RTN/pFRG). Our simulations proposed that CIH conditioning increases the CO2 sensitivity of RTN/pFRG neurons, causing a reduction in both the CO2 threshold for emerging the late-E activity in AbN and tSN and the hypocapnic threshold for apnea. Using the in situ rat preparation, we have confirmed that CIH-conditioned rats under normal conditions exhibit synchronized late-E discharges in AbN and tSN similar to those observed in control rats during hypercapnia. Moreover, the hypocapnic threshold for apnea was significantly lowered in CIH-conditioned rats relative to that in control rats. We conclude that CIH may sensitize central chemoreception and that this significantly contributes to the neural impetus for generation of sympathetic activity and hypertension. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 06/51159-6 - Aspectos da neurotransmissão glutamatérgica e purinérgica no núcleo do trato solitário de ratos jovens submetidos à hipóxia intermitente
• Beneficiário: Daniel Breseghello Zoccal
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Doutorado
• Processo FAPESP: 04/03285-7 - Mecanismos centrais da excitação simpática promovida pela hipóxia
• Beneficiário: Benedito Honorio Machado
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Temático