Gestational diabetes mellitus, pre-pregnancy body mass index, and gestational weight gain as risk factors for increased fat mass in Brazilian newborns

Autor(es)

Abreu, Laisa R. S. ^[1] ; Shirley, Meghan K. ^[1] ; Castro, Natalia P. ^[1] ; Euclydes, Veronica V. ^[1] ; Bergamaschi, Denise P. ^[2] ; Luzia, Liania A. ^[1] ; Cruz, Ana M. ^[3] ; Rondo, Patricia H. C. ^[1]

Afiliação do(s) autor(es)

^[1] Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Publ Hlth, Nutr Dept, Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

^[2] Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Publ Hlth, Epidemiol Dept, Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

^[3] Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Publ Hlth, Geraldo de Paula Souza Hlth Ctr, Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: PLoS One; v. 14, n. 8 AUG 29 2019.
• Citações Web of Science: 0

Resumo

Background Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common complication of pregnancy. It may predispose offspring to increased fat mass (FM) and the development of obesity, however few data from Latin America exist. Objective To investigate the influence of GDM on newborn FM in mother-newborn pairs recruited from a public maternity care center in Sao Paulo, Brazil. Methods Data were collected cross-sectionally in 2013-2014 from 72 mothers diagnosed with GDM, and 211 mothers with normal glucose tolerance (NGT). Newborn FM was evaluated by air-displacement plethysmography (PEA POD), and relevant demographic and obstetric data were collected from hospital records. Associations between maternal GDM status and newborn FM were investigated by multiple linear regression analysis, with adjustment for maternal age, pre-pregnancy BMI, gestational weight gain, type of delivery, sex of the child, and gestational age. Results FM was greater in GDM versus NGT newborns in a bivariable model (Median (IQR), GDM: 0.35 (0.3) kg vs. NGT: 0.27 (0.2) kg, p = 0.02), however GDM status was not a significant predictor of FM with adjustment for other variables. Rather, pre-pregnancy BMI (coefficient (beta) 1.46; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.66, 2.27), gestational weight gain (beta 1.32; 95% CI 0.49, 2.15), and male sex (beta - 17.8; 95% CI -27.2, -8.29) predicted newborn FM. Analyzing GDM and NGT groups separately, pre- pregnancy BMI (beta 6.75; 95% CI 2.36, 11.1) and gestational weight gain (beta 5.64; 95% CI 1.16, 10.1) predicted FM in the GDM group, while male sex alone predicted FM in the NGT group (beta -12.3; 95% CI -18.3, -6.34). Conclusions Combined model results suggest that in our cohort, pre- pregnancy BMI and gestational weight gain are more important risk factors for increased neonatal FM than GDM. However, group-specific model results suggest that GDM status may contribute to variation in the relationship between maternal/offspring factors and FM. Our use of a binary GDM variable in the combined model may have precluded clearer results on this point. Prospective cohort studies including data on maternal pre- pregnancy BMI, GWG, and glycemic profile are needed to better understand associations among these variables and their relative influence on offspring FM. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 18/13468-4 - A relação entre adiposidade corporal materna e fetal em mulheres saudáveis e com diabetes mellitus gestacional: estudo coorte prospectivo de base populacional em Araraquara, SP
• Beneficiário: Meghan Kathryn Shirley
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Pós-Doutorado
• Processo FAPESP: 11/10382-2 - Relação entre composição corporal e leptina e adiponectina séricas materna e composição corporal do neonato
• Beneficiário: Patricia Helen de Carvalho Rondó
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Regular