The Physiological Roles of Carnosine and beta-Alanine in Exercising Human Skeletal Muscle

Autor(es)

Matthews, Joseph J. ^{[1, 2]} ; Artioli, Guilherme G. ^[3] ; Turner, Mark D. ^[4] ; Sale, Craig ^[1]

Afiliação do(s) autor(es)

^[1] NottinghamTrent Univ, Sch Sci & Technol, Musculoskeletal Physiol Res Grp, Sport Hlth & Performance Enhancement SHAPE Res Ct, Nottingham - England

^[2] Birmingham City Univ, Dept Sport & Exercise, Sch Hlth & Life Sci, Res Ctr Life & Sport Sci CLaSS, Birmingham, W Midlands - England

^[3] Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Med FMUSP, Appl Physiol & Nutr Res Grp, Rheumatol Div, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[4] Nottingham Trent Univ, Sch Sci & Technol, Ctr Diabet Chron Dis & Ageing, Nottingham - England

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE; v. 51, n. 10, p. 2098-2108, OCT 2019.
• Citações Web of Science: 0

Resumo

Carnosine (beta-alanyl-l-histidine) plays an important role in exercise performance and skeletal muscle homeostasis. Dietary supplementation with the rate-limiting precursor beta-alanine leads to an increase in skeletal muscle carnosine content, which further potentiates its effects. There is significant interest in carnosine and beta-alanine across athletic and clinical populations. Traditionally, attention has been given to performance outcomes with less focus on the underlying mechanism(s). Putative physiological roles in human skeletal muscle include acting as an intracellular pH buffer, modulating energy metabolism, regulating Ca2+ handling and myofilament sensitivity, and scavenging of reactive species. Emerging evidence shows that carnosine could also act as a cytoplasmic Ca2+-H+ exchanger and form stable conjugates with exercise-induced reactive aldehydes. The enigmatic nature of carnosine means there is still much to learn regarding its actions and applications in exercise, health, and disease. In this review, we examine the research relating to each physiological role attributed to carnosine, and its precursor beta-alanine, in exercising human skeletal muscle. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 14/11948-8 - Vida sem carnosina: desenvolvimento e caracterização de um modelo de rato nocaute para estudo do papel fisiológico da carnosina e suas implicações para o exercício físico e metabolismo muscular
• Beneficiário: Guilherme Giannini Artioli
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Jovens Pesquisadores