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Shifting ecosystem connectivity during the Pleistocene drove diversification and gene-flow in a species complex of Neotropical birds (Tityridae: Pachyramphus)

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Autor(es):
Musher, Lukas J. [1, 2] ; Galante, Peter J. [3] ; Thom, Gregory [1] ; Huntley, Jerry W. [1] ; Blair, Mary E. [3]
Número total de Autores: 5
Afiliação do(s) autor(es):
[1] Amer Museum Nat Hist, Dept Ornithol, Cent Pk West 79th St, New York, NY 10024 - USA
[2] Amer Museum Nat Hist, Richard Gilder Grad Sch, Cent Pk West 79th St, New York, NY 10024 - USA
[3] Amer Museum Nat Hist, Ctr Biodivers & Conservat, New York, NY 10024 - USA
Número total de Afiliações: 3
Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
Fonte: Journal of Biogeography; v. 47, n. 8 APR 2020.
Citações Web of Science: 0
Resumo

Aim We aim to test the biogeographic drivers of diversification and gene-flow at the Isthmus of Panama using a species complex of suboscine birds as a case study. We specifically evaluate whether diversification in these birds is better explained by continuous parapatry or a Refuge Model of periodic isolation and gene-flow due glacial cycling. Location The Isthmus of Panama (Neotropics). Taxon Pachyramphus aglaiae and Pachyramphus homochrous (Aves: Tityridae). Methods We develop an approach to distinguish among the two biogeographic hypotheses-parapatric ecological speciation versus climatically mediated speciation-by making explicit predictions for demographic history, niche evolution and change in geographic connectivity over time. We sequenced genome-wide markers (ultraconserved elements) to estimate the evolutionary and demographic history of this group. We applied both phylogenomic network analyses and demographic modelling using a supervised machine learning approach. These genetic analyses were combined with a novel distribution modelling method that estimates the probability of interspecies contact as a function of climatic conditions through time. Results We found that both spatial and genetic analyses revealed concordant results. All speciation events occurred during the Pleistocene and were characterized by non-continuous gene-flow, supporting a scenario of climate-mediated diversification. Spatial connectivity was highest at present, consistent with our best demographic model of secondary contact. Main conclusions This study exemplifies a mechanism by which speciation, dispersal and introgression unfold in an important region for Neotropical diversification-the Isthmus of Panama-where periods of both isolation and introgression probably drive diversification. Overall, our results are consistent with the Refuge Model of biotic diversification, but suggest that introgression may be a crucial yet underappreciated component of this classic paradigm. (AU)

Processo FAPESP: 12/50260-6 - Estruturação e evolução da biota amazônica e seu ambiente: uma abordagem integrativa
Beneficiário:Lúcia Garcez Lohmann
Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Programa BIOTA - Temático
Processo FAPESP: 18/17869-3 - Filogenômica comparada de espécies de aves montanas do sul da Floresta Atlântica: Integrando aspectos evolutivos e ecológicos no estudo da formação de comunidades
Beneficiário:Gregory Thom e Silva
Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Exterior - Estágio de Pesquisa - Pós-Doutorado
Processo FAPESP: 17/25720-7 - Filogenômica comparada de espécies de aves montanas do sul da Floresta Atlântica: Integrando aspectos evolutivos e ecológicos no estudo da formação de comunidades
Beneficiário:Gregory Thom e Silva
Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Pós-Doutorado