Autophagy in Hepatic Steatosis: A Structured Review

Autor(es)

Ramos, Vitor de Miranda ^[1] ; Kowaltowski, Alicia J. ^[1] ; Kakimoto, Pamela A. ^[1]

Afiliação do(s) autor(es)

^[1] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Quim, Dept Bioquim, Sao Paulo - Brazil

• Tipo de documento: Artigo de Revisão
• Fonte: FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY; v. 9, APR 15 2021.
• Citações Web of Science: 0

Resumo

Steatosis is the accumulation of neutral lipids in the cytoplasm. In the liver, it is associated with overeating and a sedentary lifestyle, but may also be a result of xenobiotic toxicity and genetics. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) defines an array of liver conditions varying from simple steatosis to inflammation and fibrosis. Over the last years, autophagic processes have been shown to be directly associated with the development and progression of these conditions. However, the precise role of autophagy in steatosis development is still unclear. Specifically, autophagy is necessary for the regulation of basic metabolism in hepatocytes, such as glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis, response to insulin and glucagon signaling, and cellular responses to free amino acid contents. Also, genetic knockout models for autophagy-related proteins suggest a critical relationship between autophagy and hepatic lipid metabolism, but some results are still ambiguous. While autophagy may seem necessary to support lipid oxidation in some contexts, other evidence suggests that autophagic activity can lead to lipid accumulation instead. This structured literature review aims to critically discuss, compare, and organize results over the last 10 years regarding rodent steatosis models that measured several autophagy markers, with genetic and pharmacological interventions that may help elucidate the molecular mechanisms involved. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 20/06970-5 - Transportadores iônicos mitocondriais como sensores e reguladores do metabolismo energético
• Beneficiário: Alicia Juliana Kowaltowski
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Temático
• Processo FAPESP: 13/07937-8 - Redoxoma
• Beneficiário: Ohara Augusto
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Centros de Pesquisa, Inovação e Difusão - CEPIDs
• Processo FAPESP: 19/18402-4 - Efeitos da regulação do transporte de cálcio mitocondrial sobre o processo autofágico em hepatócitos
• Beneficiário: Vitor de Miranda Ramos
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Doutorado
• Processo FAPESP: 15/25862-0 - Bioenergética e sinalização redox hepática em modelo murino de obesidade: análise integrativa de estímulos nutricionais, hormonais e inflamatórios
• Beneficiário: Pâmela Aiako Hypólito Brito Kakimoto
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Doutorado Direto