Dietary expansion facilitates the persistence of a large frugivore in fragmented tropical forests

Autor(es):Mostrar menos -

Magioli, Marcelo ^{[1, 2]} ; Villar, Nacho ^{[3, 4]} ; Jorge, Maria Luisa ^[5] ; Biondo, Cibele ^[6] ; Keuroghlian, Alexine ^[7] ; Bradham, Jennifer ^[8] ; Pedrosa, Felipe ^[9] ; Costa, Vladimir ^[10] ; Moreira, Marcelo Zacharias ^[11] ; Paschoaletto Micchi de Barros Ferraz, Katia Maria ^{[2, 12]} ; Galetti, Mauro ^{[13, 4]}

Afiliação do(s) autor(es):Mostrar menos -

^[1] Inst Chico Mendes Conservacao Biodiversidade ICMB, Ctr Nacl Pesquisa & Conservacao Mamiferos Carnivo, Atibaia, SP - Brazil

^[2] Inst Procarnivoros, Atibaia, SP - Brazil

^[3] Netherlands Inst Ecol, Dept Aquat Ecol, Wageningen - Netherlands

^[4] Univ Estadual Paulista UNESP, Inst Biocrencias, Dept Biodiversidade, Rio Claro, SP - Brazil

^[5] Vanderbilt Univ, Earth & Environm Sci, 221 Kirkland Hall, Nashville, TN 37235 - USA

^[6] Univ Fed ABC UFABC, Ctr Ciencias Nat & Humanas CCNH, Sao Bernardo Do Campo, SP - Brazil

^[7] Fundacao Neotrop Brasil, Peccary Project IUCN SSC Peccary Specialist Grp, Campo Grande, MS - Brazil

^[8] Wofford Coll, Dept Environm Studies, Spartanburg, SC - USA

^[9] Mao Mata Manejo & Solucoes Ambientais, Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

^[10] Univ Estadual Paulista, Ctr Isotopos Estaveis, Inst Biociencias, Botucatu, SP - Brazil

^[11] Univ Sao Paulo, Ctr Energia Nucl Agr, Lab Ecol Isotop, Piracicaba, SP - Brazil

^[12] Univ Sao Paulo, Escola Super Agr Luiz de Queiroz ESALQ, Dept Ciencias Florestais, Lab Ecol Manejo & Conservacao Fauna Silvestre LEM, Piracicaba, SP - Brazil

^[13] Univ Miami, Dept Biol, Coral Gables, FL 33124 - USA

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: ANIMAL CONSERVATION; DEC 2021.
• Citações Web of Science: 0

Resumo

How species persist in fragmented habitats is essential to understanding species resilience in response to increasing anthropogenic pressures. It has been suggested that expansion in dietary niche allows populations to persist in human-modified landscapes, yet this hypothesis has been poorly tested in highly diverse ecosystems such as tropical forests where frugivory is ubiquitous. Here, we measured dietary niche expansion of a large forest-dwelling mammal, the white-lipped peccary (Tayassu pecari), in the Atlantic Forest, Brazil, by comparing its diet using stable carbon (delta C-13) and nitrogen (delta N-15) isotopes. We collected hair of white-lipped peccaries in three continuous and three fragmented forests and compared delta C-13 and delta N-15 values, resource use and isotopic niches among populations and between forest types. We also tested the relationship between isotopic values of the populations and the forest cover percentage. White-lipped peccaries fed mainly on forest sources (C-3 resources), especially in continuous forests, but 28% of the individuals in fragmented sites also incorporated C-4 resources to some extent. In fragmented forests, the populations had isotopic niches from 3- to 3.6-fold the size of those in continuous forests. This niche expansion was due to the consumption of food items with higher delta N-15 values and C-4 crops. Differences among populations were larger among fragmented forests, suggesting variable site-specific strategies to cope with habitat loss. The mean isotopic values of white-lipped peccary populations were negatively correlated with the loss of forest cover. Some small forest fragments might still retain relatively high habitat quality, and white-lipped peccaries might be able to capitalize on such variety of resources, shifting their diets from those observed in continuous forests. We suggest that high dietary flexibility and dietary expansion toward consumption of non-forest resources might facilitate the persistence of large frugivores in fragmented habitats. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 14/01986-0 - Consequências ecológicas da defaunação na Mata Atlântica
• Beneficiário: Mauro Galetti Rodrigues
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Temático
• Processo FAPESP: 14/10192-7 - Ecologia trófica de carnívoros da Mata Atlântica: utilização da análise de isótopos estáveis e da diversidade funcional para a conservação
• Beneficiário: Marcelo Magioli
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Doutorado
• Processo FAPESP: 14/50434-0 - Testando os serviços ecossistêmicos de frutos e frugívoros invasores
• Beneficiário: Mauro Galetti Rodrigues
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Programa BIOTA - Regular
• Processo FAPESP: 16/15436-7 - Ecologia isotópica dos ungulados neotropicais diante da invasão dos suídeos asselvajados
• Beneficiário: Felipe Pedrosa Chagas
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Exterior - Estágio de Pesquisa - Doutorado Direto
• Processo FAPESP: 15/18381-6 - Revertendo a defaunação ou agravando a degradação ecológica? Ecologia da invasão dos suídeos asselvajados Sus scrofa em paisagens defaunadas
• Beneficiário: Felipe Pedrosa Chagas
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Doutorado Direto
• Processo FAPESP: 15/11521-7 - Movimento na defaunação: o papel do comportamento animal e as interações espaciais na mediação de cascatas tróficas, a divisão do nicho e a dinâmica de comunidades na Mata Atlântica
• Beneficiário: Jose Ignacio Fernandez de La Pradilla Villar
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Pós-Doutorado
• Processo FAPESP: 14/09300-0 - Ecologia trófica, diversidade funcional e ocorrência de mamíferos terrestres na Mata Atlântica
• Beneficiário: Katia Maria Paschoaletto Micchi de Barros Ferraz
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Regular