Role of short chain fatty acids in gut health and possible therapeutic approaches in inflammatory bowel diseases

Autor(es)

Caetano, Marcos Antonio Ferreira ; Castelucci, Patricia

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: WORLD JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CASES; v. 10, n. 28, p. 19-pg., 2022-10-06.

Resumo

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are characterized by inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract and include Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn's Disease. These diseases are costly to health services, substantially reduce patients' quality of life, and can lead to complications such as cancer and even death. Symptoms include abdominal pain, stool bleeding, diarrhea, and weight loss. The treatment of these diseases is symptomatic, seeking disease remission. The intestine is colonized by several microorganisms, such as fungi, viruses, and bacteria, which constitute the intestinal microbiota (IM). IM bacteria promotes dietary fibers fermentation and produces short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) that exert several beneficial effects on intestinal health. SCFAs can bind to G protein-coupled receptors, such as GPR41 and GPR43, promoting improvements in the intestinal barrier, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects. Thus, SCFAs could be a therapeutic tool for IBDs. However, the mechanisms involved in these beneficial effects of SCFAs remain poorly understood. Therefore, this paper aims to provide a review addressing the main aspects of IBDs, and a more detailed sight of SCFAs, focusing on the main effects on different aspects of the intestine with an emphasis on IBDs. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 14/25927-2 - Aspectos morfológicos, moleculares e funcionais da interação entre o receptor P2X7 e a panexina-1 nas células gliais entéricas após a isquemia/reperfusão intestinal
• Beneficiário: Patricia Castelucci
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Regular
• Processo FAPESP: 18/07862-1 - Estudo do efeito da colite ulcerativa experimental no sistema nervoso entérico de camundongos deficientes do receptor P2X7 (P2X7-/-)
• Beneficiário: Patricia Castelucci
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Regular