Assessment of the impact of the bus fleet and transportation infrastructure works on the air quality in Rio de Janeiro (Olympic Games 2016)

Autor(es)

Justo, Elizanne P. S. ; Caceres Quijano, Maria Fernanda ; Beringui, Karmel ; Ventura, Luciana Baptista ; Pereira, Guilherme Martins ; Vasconcellos, Perola de Castro ; Gioda, Adriana

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: AIR QUALITY ATMOSPHERE AND HEALTH; v. N/A, p. 21-pg., 2022-11-03.

Resumo

Samples of PM2.5, PM10 SO2, and NO2 were collected in the Metropolitan Area of Rio de Janeiro (MARJ), Brazil, between 2016 and 2017. The annual emissions of NOx, PM10, and SOx emitted from buses running on roads near the monitoring stations were estimated using a bottom-up methodology in some sites. In most stations, the results showed an increase in PM2.5 and PM10 due to urban activities carried out before and during the Olympic Games in 2016. In all sites, the inorganic species reflected the influence of secondary aerosol and marine contributions. The species Fe and Cu were the most abundant elements found in the particles. The elements Cu, As, Mo, Cd, and Pb were the most enriched ones in the samples collected at all sites, suggesting an important anthropogenic influence. The source apportionment was obtained with Positive Matrix Factorization; four aerosol sources were identified at the sites: vehicular, marine spray, secondary formation, and a mix of industrial and soil resuspension. During the entire period, the average oxidation ratio of sulfur (SOR) value indicated that sulfate was mainly produced by the secondary oxidation of SO2. On the other hand, the average oxidation ratio of nitrogen (NOR) indicated a weak secondary conversion of nitrate. From the calculation of nitrogen and sulfur oxides (NOX and SOX) and PM10 pollutants in buses on certain avenues, NOX presented a relatively higher concentration, and it was strongly related to diesel oil burning from heavy vehicles. Thereby, the city's improvement works contributed to aggravating the air quality in Rio de Janeiro since it was possible to observe a decrease in the particulate matter after the Olympic Games, despite weather conditions. In addition, the results suggested that diesel fuel burning mainly formed NO3-, since, in Brazil, this fuel is used in buses. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 18/07848-9 - Perfis químicos e toxicológicos de fontes de matéria particulada em atmosfera urbana
• Beneficiário: Maria de Fátima Andrade
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Regular
• Processo FAPESP: 19/01316-8 - URBESP: níveis, composição e identificação de fontes de MP10 e MP2.5 em São Paulo
• Beneficiário: Guilherme Martins Pereira
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Pós-Doutorado