New records on toxic cyanobacteria from Brazil: Exploring their occurrence and geography

Autor(es)

Campos, Thaissa Giovanna Valverde ; Gama, Watson A. ; Geraldes, Vanessa ; Yoon, Jaewon ; Crnkovic, Camila M. ; Pinto, Ernani ; Jacinavicius, Fernanda Rios

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: Science of The Total Environment; v. 931, p. 14-pg., 2024-05-03.

Resumo

Cyanobacterial Harmful Algal Blooms (CyanoHABs) pose a significant threat to communities globally, impacting ecosystems and public health. This study provides an in-depth review of the current state of cyanotoxins and the distribution of CyanoHABs species in Brazil, while also detailing the methods used for their detection. Four hundred and twenty-one incidents were analyzed from 1993 to 2021, compiling cyanotoxin records and toxic CyanoHABs occurrences. The investigation begins with the first detection of microcystins in 1994 and highlights pivotal moments, like the 1996 "Caruaru Syndrome " outbreak. This event encouraged research and updated cyanotoxin-monitoring guidelines. The Brazilian drought period of 2015 -2016 exacerbated cyanobacterial growth and saxitoxin levels, coinciding with Zika-related microcephaly. This study delves into methods used for cyanotoxin analysis, including ELISA, bioassays, HPLC, and LC -MS. Additionally, we investigated the toxicity of 37 cyanobacterial strains isolated from various Brazilian environments. Extracts were tested against Artemia salina and analyzed by LC -MS. Results revealed toxicity in extracts from 49 % of cyanobacterial strains. LC -MS results were analyzed using GNPS MS/MS molecular networking for comparing experimental spectra with those of cyanotoxin standards against in-house databases and the existing literature. Our research underscores the variability in cyanotoxin production among species and over time, extending beyond microcystins. LC -MS re- sults, interpreted through the GNPS platform, revealed six cyanotoxin groups in Brazilian strains. Yet, com- pounds present in 75 % of the toxic extracts remained unidentified. Further research is crucial for fully comprehending the impact of potentially harmful organisms on water quality and public health management strategies. The study highlights the urgent need for continuously monitoring cyanobacteria and the cyanotoxin inclusion of management in public health policies. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 22/02872-4 - Estratégias integradas para a descoberta de produtos naturais de cianobactérias brasileiras
• Beneficiário: Camila Manoel Crnkovic
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Projeto Inicial
• Processo FAPESP: 24/02448-3 - Análise do impacto da inoculação de cianobactérias na comunidade da rizosfera do milho
• Beneficiário: Fernanda Rios Jacinavicius
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Programa Capacitação - Treinamento Técnico
• Processo FAPESP: 21/10573-4 - Centro de Pesquisa de Carbono em Agricultura Tropical (CCARBON)
• Beneficiário: Carlos Eduardo Pellegrino Cerri
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Centros de Pesquisa, Inovação e Difusão - CEPIDs
• Processo FAPESP: 20/07710-7 - Prospecção biotecnológica de produtos naturais a partir de cianobactérias
• Beneficiário: Camila Manoel Crnkovic
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Programa BIOTA - Regular
• Processo FAPESP: 19/27707-3 - Implementação do serviço de proteômica baseada em espectrometria de massas no FoRC
• Beneficiário: Vanessa Sofia Mendes Geraldes
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Programa Capacitação - Treinamento Técnico
• Processo FAPESP: 23/00525-8 - Desreplicação de metabólitos secundários de Calothrix sp., Desertifilum tharense e Leptolyngbya sp. utilizando metabolômica
• Beneficiário: Jaewon Yoon
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Iniciação Científica
• Processo FAPESP: 13/07914-8 - FoRC - Centro de Pesquisa em Alimentos
• Beneficiário: Bernadette Dora Gombossy de Melo Franco
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Centros de Pesquisa, Inovação e Difusão - CEPIDs
• Processo FAPESP: 21/00149-0 - Tratamento e fracionamento seletivo de cianobactérias em florações para produção de insumos de valor agregado
• Beneficiário: Ernani Pinto Junior
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Regular