Extensive impact of saturated fatty acids on metabolic and cardiovascular profile in rats with diet-induced obesity: a canonical analysis

Autor(es)

Oliveira Junior, Silvio A. ^{[1, 2]} ; Padovani, Carlos R. ^[3] ; Rodrigues, Sergio A. ^[3] ; Silva, Nilza R. ^[3] ; Martinez, Paula F. ^{[1, 2]} ; Campos, Dijon H. S. ^[1] ; Okoshi, Marina P. ^[1] ; Okoshi, Katashi ^[1] ; Dal-Pai, Maeli ^[3] ; Cicogna, Antonio C. ^[1]

Afiliação do(s) autor(es)

^[1] Sao Paulo State Univ, Botucatu Med Sch, Botucatu, SP - Brazil

^[2] Univ Fed Mato Grosso do Sul, Sch Phys Therapy, Campo Grande, MS - Brazil

^[3] Sao Paulo State Univ, Botucatu Biosci Inst, Botucatu, SP - Brazil

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: CARDIOVASCULAR DIABETOLOGY; v. 12, APR 15 2013.
• Citações Web of Science: 19

Resumo

Background: Although hypercaloric interventions are associated with nutritional, endocrine, metabolic, and cardiovascular disorders in obesity experiments, a rational distinction between the effects of excess adiposity and the individual roles of dietary macronutrients in relation to these disturbances has not previously been studied. This investigation analyzed the correlation between ingested macronutrients (including sucrose and saturated and unsaturated fatty acids) plus body adiposity and metabolic, hormonal, and cardiovascular effects in rats with diet-induced obesity. Methods: Normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats were submitted to Control (CD; 3.2 Kcal/g) and Hypercaloric (HD; 4.6 Kcal/g) diets for 20 weeks followed by nutritional evaluation involving body weight and adiposity measurement. Metabolic and hormonal parameters included glycemia, insulin, insulin resistance, and leptin. Cardiovascular analysis included systolic blood pressure profile, echocardiography, morphometric study of myocardial morphology, and myosin heavy chain (MHC) protein expression. Canonical correlation analysis was used to evaluate the relationships between dietary macronutrients plus adiposity and metabolic, hormonal, and cardiovascular parameters. Results: Although final group body weights did not differ, HD presented higher adiposity than CD. Diet induced hyperglycemia while insulin and leptin levels remained unchanged. In a cardiovascular context, systolic blood pressure increased with time only in HD. Additionally, in vivo echocardiography revealed cardiac hypertrophy and improved systolic performance in HD compared to CD; and while cardiomyocyte size was unchanged by diet, nuclear volume and collagen interstitial fraction both increased in HD. Also HD exhibited higher relative beta-MHC content and beta/alpha-MHC ratio than their Control counterparts. Importantly, body adiposity was weakly associated with cardiovascular effects, as saturated fatty acid intake was directly associated with most cardiac remodeling measurements while unsaturated lipid consumption was inversely correlated with these effects. Conclusion: Hypercaloric diet was associated with glycemic metabolism and systolic blood pressure disorders and cardiac remodeling. These effects directly and inversely correlated with saturated and unsaturated lipid consumption, respectively. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 06/52334-6 - Efeitos da obesidade sobre a expressao das cadeias pesadas de miosina e fibrose intersticial miocardica em ratos normotensos e espontaneamente hipertensos.
• Beneficiário: Antonio Carlos Cicogna
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Regular
• Processo FAPESP: 05/58776-8 - Efeitos da obesidade sobre a expressao das cadelas pesadas de miosina e fibrose intersticial miocardica em ratos normotensos e espontaneamente hipertensos.
• Beneficiário: Silvio Assis de Oliveira Júnior
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Mestrado