Ecology and evolution of plant diversity in the endangered campo rupestre: a neglected conservation priority

Autor(es):Mostrar menos -

Silveira, Fernando A. O. ^[1] ; Negreiros, Daniel ^[2] ; Barbosa, Newton P. U. ^[2] ; Buisson, Elise ^[3] ; Carmo, Flavio F. ^[4] ; Carstensen, Daniel W. ^[5] ; Conceicao, Abel A. ^[6] ; Cornelissen, Tatiana G. ^[7] ; Echternacht, Livia ^[8] ; Wilson Fernandes, G. ^{[2, 9]} ; Garcia, Queila S. ^[1] ; Guerra, Tadeu J. ^[1] ; Jacobi, Claudia M. ^[2] ; Lemos-Filho, Jose P. ^[1] ; Le Stradic, Soizig ^{[2, 3, 10]} ; Morellato, Leonor Patricia C. ^[5] ; Neves, Frederico S. ^[2] ; Oliveira, Rafael S. ^{[11, 12]} ; Schaefer, Carlos E. ^[13] ; Viana, Pedro L. ^[14] ; Lambers, Hans ^[12]

Afiliação do(s) autor(es):Mostrar menos -

^[1] Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Dept Bot, Belo Horizonte, MG - Brazil

^[2] Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Dept Biol Geral, Belo Horizonte, MG - Brazil

^[3] Aix Marseille Univ, Univ Avignon & Pays Vaucluse, Inst Mediterraneen Biodiversite & Ecol, UMR CNRS IRD, Marseille - France

^[4] Inst Pristino, Belo Horizonte, MG - Brazil

^[5] Univ Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Dept Bot, Araraquara - Brazil

^[6] Univ Estadual Feira de Santana, Dept Ciencias Biol, Feira De Santana - Brazil

^[7] Univ Fed Sao Joao del Rei, Dept Ciencias Nat, Sao Joao Del Rei - Brazil

^[8] Univ Fed Uberlandia, Dept Biol, Av Engenheiro Dinz 1178, CP 593, BR-38400 Uberlandia, MG - Brazil

^[9] Stanford Univ, Dept Biol, Stanford, CA 94305 - USA

^[10] Univ Liege, Gembloux Agrobio Tech, Liege - Belgium

^[11] Univ Estadual Campinas, Dept Biol Vegetal, Campinas, SP - Brazil

^[12] Univ Western Australia, Sch Plant Biol, Perth, WA 6009 - Australia

^[13] Univ Fed Vicosa, Dept Solos, Vicosa, MG - Brazil

^[14] Museu Emilio Goeldi, Coordenacao Bot, Belem, Para - Brazil

• Tipo de documento: Artigo de Revisão
• Fonte: PLANT AND SOIL; v. 403, n. 1-2, p. 129-152, JUN 2016.
• Citações Web of Science: 151

Resumo

Botanists, ecologists and evolutionary biologists are familiar with the astonishing species richness and endemism of the fynbos of the Cape Floristic Region and the ancient and unique flora of the kwongkan of south-western Australia. These regions represent old climatically-buffered infertile landscapes (OCBILs) that are the basis of a general hypothesis to explain their richness and endemism. However, few ecologists are familiar with the campo rupestre of central and eastern Brazil, an extremely old mountaintop ecosystem that is both a museum of ancient lineages and a cradle of continuing diversification of endemic lineages. Diversification of some lineages of campo rupestre pre-dates diversification of lowland cerrado, suggesting it may be the most ancient open vegetation in eastern South America. This vegetation comprises more than 5000 plant species, nearly 15 % of Brazil's plant diversity, in an area corresponding to 0.78 % of its surface. Reviewing empirical data, we scrutinise five predictions of the OCBIL theory, and show that campo rupestre is fully comparable to and remarkably convergent with both fynbos and kwongkan, and fulfills the criteria for a classic OCBIL. The increasing threats to campo rupestre are compromising ecosystem services and we argue for the implementation of more effective conservation and restoration strategies. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 14/01594-4 - Variação de redes planta-polinizador e pares de interações no espaço e no tempo
• Beneficiário: Daniel Wisbech Carstensen
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Pós-Doutorado
• Processo FAPESP: 13/50155-0 - Combining new technologies to monitor phenology from leaves to ecosystems
• Beneficiário: Leonor Patricia Cerdeira Morellato
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Programa de Pesquisa sobre Mudanças Climáticas Globais - PITE