The Role of Physical Exercise to Improve the Browning of White Adipose Tissue via POMC Neurons

Autor(es)

da Cruz Rodrigues, Kellen C. ^[1] ; Pereira, Rodrigo M. ^[1] ; de Campos, Thais D. P. ^[1] ; de Moura, Rodrigo F. ^[2] ; da Silva, Adelino S. R. ^[3] ; Cintra, Dennys E. ^[4] ; Ropelle, Eduardo R. ^{[1, 5]} ; Pauli, Jose R. ^{[1, 5]} ; de Araujo, Michel B. ^[6] ; de Moura, Leandro P. ^{[1, 5, 7]}

Afiliação do(s) autor(es)

^[1] Univ Estadual Campinas, Sch Appl Sci, Lab Mol Biol Exercise, Limeira - Brazil

^[2] Univ Fed Lavras, Dept Hlth Sci, Lavras - Brazil

^[3] Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Phys Educ & Sport Ribeirao Preto, Ribeirao Preto - Brazil

^[4] Univ Estadual Campinas, Sch Appl Sci, Lab Nutr Genom, Limeira - Brazil

^[5] Univ Estadual Campinas, Sch Appl Sci, Ctr Res Sport Sci, Limeira - Brazil

^[6] Univ Catholic Ctr Quixada Unicatolica, Quixada - Brazil

^[7] Sao Paulo State Univ, Postgrad Program Motr Sci, Sao Paulo - Brazil

• Tipo de documento: Artigo de Revisão
• Fonte: FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE; v. 12, MAR 28 2018.
• Citações Web of Science: 9

Resumo

Obesity is a public health issue that affects more than 600 million adults worldwide. The disease is characterized by fat accumulation, mainly in the abdominal area. The human body is mainly composed of two types of adipose tissue: white adipose tissue (WAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT); however, the browning process generates a different type of brown fat-like adipocyte in WAT, which similar to BAT has thermogenic capacity by activating UCP-1. The hypothalamic arcuate nucleus plays an important role in WAT browning via POMC neurons, which are influenced by synergistic insulin and leptin signaling. On the other hand, stimulation of AgRP neurons suppresses WAT browning. The hypothalamic inflammatory process that occurs in obesity impairs insulin and leptin signaling in this tissue and, consequently, can decrease WAT browning. In addition, practicing physical exercise may be a great strategy for triggering the browning process since it reduces hypothalamic inflammation and increases POMC neurons gene expression. Moreover, physical exercise stimulates irisin gene expression, which has an important impact on thermogenesis, which in turn culminates in increased gene expression of proteins such as UCP-1 and Cidea, which are related to WAT browning. Furthermore, thermogenetic activation of WAT leads to increased energy expenditure, favoring obesity treatment. Therefore, this mini-review aimed to highlight the most recent studies that link the control of hypothalamic activity with the browning metabolism of adipose tissue in response to physical exercise. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 15/07199-2 - Papel da clusterina/ApoJ na sinalização da insulina em resposta ao exercício físico em roedores e em humanos
• Beneficiário: Leandro Pereira de Moura
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Jovens Pesquisadores
• Processo FAPESP: 16/24406-4 - O papel do exercício físico na via de sinalização molecular da clusterina/leptina em hipotálamo de camundongos obesos
• Beneficiário: Kellen Cristina da Cruz Rodrigues
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Doutorado Direto