Potential benefits and risks of omega-3 fatty acids supplementation to patients with COVID-19

Autor(es)

Rogero, Marcelo M. ^{[1, 2]} ; Leao, Matheus de C. ^[3] ; Santana, Tamires M. ^{[2, 3]} ; Pimentel, Mariana V. de M. B. ^[3] ; Carlini, Giovanna C. G. ^[3] ; Silveira, Tayse F. F. da ^[3] ; Goncalves, Renata C. ^[4] ; Castro, Inar A. ^{[2, 3]}

Afiliação do(s) autor(es)

^[1] Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, Nutr Genom & Inflammat Lab, BR-01246904 Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[2] Sao Paulo Res Fdn, Res Innovat & Disseminat Ctr, CEPID FAPESP, Food Res Ctr FoRC, BR-05468140 Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[3] Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Pharmaceut Sci, Dept Food & Expt Nutr, LADAF, Av Lineu Prestes 580, B14, BR-05508900 Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

^[4] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Biomed Sci, Dept Cell & Dev Biol, Sao Paulo - Brazil

• Tipo de documento: Artigo de Revisão
• Fonte: Free Radical Biology and Medicine; v. 156, p. 190-199, AUG 20 2020.
• Citações Web of Science: 3

Resumo

Studies have shown that infection, excessive coagulation, cytokine storm, leukopenia, lymphopenia, hypoxemia and oxidative stress have also been observed in critically ill Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) patients in addition to the onset symptoms. There are still no approved drugs or vaccines. Dietary supplements could possibly improve the patient's recovery. Omega-3 fatty acids, specifically eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), present an anti-inflammatory effect that could ameliorate some patients need for intensive care unit (ICU) admission. EPA and DHA replace arachidonic acid (ARA) in the phospholipid membranes. When oxidized by enzymes, EPA and DHA contribute to the synthesis of less inflammatory eicosanoids and specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPMs), such as resolvins, maresins and protectins. This reduces inflammation. In contrast, some studies have reported that EPA and DHA can make cell membranes more susceptible to non-enzymatic oxidation mediated by reactive oxygen species, leading to the formation of potentially toxic oxidation products and increasing the oxidative stress. Although the inflammatory resolution improved by EPA and DHA could contribute to the recovery of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2, Omega-3 fatty acids supplementation cannot be recommended before randomized and controlled trials are carried out. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 19/24023-6 - Caracterização química do óleo da semente de Echium plantagineum obtido a partir de três processos de extração
• Beneficiário: Giovanna Calixto Garcia Carlini
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Iniciação Científica
• Processo FAPESP: 17/08066-1 - Aplicação de fenolipídios para elevar a estabilidade oxidativa de emulsões contendo ácidos graxos poli-insaturados ômega-3
• Beneficiário: Tayse Ferreira Ferreira da Silveira
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Pós-Doutorado
• Processo FAPESP: 13/07914-8 - FoRC - Centro de Pesquisa em Alimentos
• Beneficiário: Bernadette Dora Gombossy de Melo Franco
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Centros de Pesquisa, Inovação e Difusão - CEPIDs