Investigation of canine visceral leishmaniasis in a non-endemic area in Brazil and the comparison of serological and molecular diagnostic tests

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Anaiá da Paixão Sevá ; Ana Pérola Drulla Brandão ^[2] ; Silvia Neri Godoy ^[3] ; Rodrigo Martins Soares ^[4] ; Helio Langoni ^[5] ; Bruna Cristine Rodrigues ^[6] ; Mariana Zanchetta e Gava ^[7] ; Paula Ferraz de Camargo Zanotto ^[8] ; Tatiana Jimenez-Villegas ^[9] ; Roberto Hiramoto ^[10] ; Fernando Ferreira ^[11]

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical; v. 54, 2021-09-06.

Resumo

Abstract INTRODUCTION: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is an important zoonosis in Brazil. Previous identification of parasitized dogs can also help prevent the disease in humans, even in non-endemic areas of the country. The Brazilian Ministry of Health recommends diagnosis in dogs using a DPP® (rapid test) as a screening test and an immunoenzymatic assay (ELISA) as a confirmatory test (DPP®+ELISA), and culling infected dogs as a legal control measure. However, the accuracy of these serological tests has been questioned. METHODS: VL in dogs was investigated in a non-endemic area of the São Paulo state for three consecutive years, and the performances of different diagnostic tests were compared. RESULTS: A total of 331 dog samples were collected in 2015, 373 in 2016, and 347 in 2017. The seroprevalence by DPP®+ELISA was 3.3, 3.2, and 0.3%, respectively, and by indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA), it was 3.0, 5.6, and 5.5%, respectively. ELISA confirmed 18.4% of DPP® positive samples. The concordance between the IFA and DPP® was 83.9%. The concordance between IFA and DPP®+ELISA was 92.9%. A molecular diagnostic test (PCR) was performed in 63.2% of the seropositive samples, all of which were negative. CONCLUSIONS: In non-endemic areas, diagnostic tests in dogs should be carefully evaluated to avoid false results. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 15/21966-6 - Investigação epidemiológica de cães domésticos que habitam o entorno do Parque Estadual Carlos Botelho - São Paulo, Brasil: uma questão de saúde animal, ambiental e pública
• Beneficiário: Anaiá da Paixão Sevá
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Pós-Doutorado
• Processo FAPESP: 15/21954-8 - Cães e gatos domésticos em unidades de conservação: quais os impactos sobre carnívoros selvagens e implicações em saúde pública? Estudo de caso do Parque Estadual Carlos Botelho
• Beneficiário: Fernando Ferreira
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Regular