Genomics and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Clinical Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates from Hospitals in Brazil

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Camargo, Carlos Henrique ; Yamada, Amanda Yaeko ; de Souza, Andreia Rodrigues ; Lima, Marisa de Jesus de Castro ; Cunha, Marcos Paulo Vieira ; Ferraro, Pedro Smith Pereira ; Sacchi, Claudio Tavares ; dos Santos, Marlon Benedito Nascimento ; Campos, Karoline Rodrigues ; Tiba-Casas, Monique Ribeiro ; Freire, Maristela Pinheiro ; Barretti, Pasqual

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: PATHOGENS; v. 12, n. 7, p. 11-pg., 2023-07-01.

Resumo

Pseudomonas aeruginosa, an opportunistic pathogen causing infections in immunocompromised patients, usually shows pronounced antimicrobial resistance. In recent years, the frequency of carbapenemases in P. aeruginosa has decreased, which allows use of new beta-lactams/combinations in antimicrobial therapy. Therefore, the in vitro evaluation of these drugs in contemporary isolates is warranted. We evaluated the antimicrobial susceptibility and genomic aspects of 119 clinical P. aeruginosa isolates from 24 different hospitals in Brazil in 2021-2022. Identification was performed via MALDI-TOF-MS, and antimicrobial susceptibility was identified through broth microdilution, gradient tests, or disk diffusion. Whole-genome sequencing was carried out using NextSeq equipment. The most active drug was cefiderocol (100%), followed by ceftazidime-avibactam (94.1%), ceftolozane-tazobactam (92.4%), and imipenem-relebactam (81.5%). Imipenem susceptibility was detected in 59 isolates (49.6%), and the most active aminoglycoside was tobramycin, to which 99 (83.2%) isolates were susceptible. Seventy-one different sequence types (STs) were detected, including twelve new STs described herein. The acquired resistance genes bla(CTX-M-2) and bla(KPC-2) were identified in ten (8.4%) and two (1.7%) isolates, respectively. Several virulence genes (exoSTUY, toxA, aprA, lasA/B, plcH) were also identified. We found that new antimicrobials are effective against the diverse P. aeruginosa population that has been circulating in Brazilian hospitals in recent years. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 18/21192-9 - EMU concedido no processo 2017/50333-7: MALDI-TOF
• Beneficiário: Carlos Henrique Camargo
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Programa Equipamentos Multiusuários
• Processo FAPESP: 17/50333-7 - Plano de desenvolvimento institucional em pesquisa do Instituto Adolfo Lutz (PDIp)
• Beneficiário: Carlos Henrique Camargo
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Programa Modernização de Institutos Estaduais de Pesquisa
• Processo FAPESP: 23/08958-0 - Genômica e susceptibilidade antimicrobiana de isolados clínicos de Pseudomonas aeruginosa de hospitais brasileiros
• Beneficiário: Carlos Henrique Camargo
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Publicações científicas - Artigo
• Processo FAPESP: 19/21361-8 - Investigação fenotípica e genotípica de metalo-beta-lactamases em cepas de Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistente aos carbapenêmicos
• Beneficiário: Alessandro Marques dos Santos
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Iniciação Científica