A H-1 NMR and theoretical investigation of the conformations of some monosubstituted cyclobutanes

Autor(es)

Abraham, Raymond J. ^[1] ; Leonard, Paul ^[1] ; Tormena, Claudio F. ^[2]

Afiliação do(s) autor(es)

^[1] Univ Liverpool, Dept Chem, Liverpool L69 7ZD, Merseyside - England

^[2] Univ Estadual Campinas, Inst Chem, Dept Organ Chem, UNICAMP, BR-13084971 Campinas, SP - Brazil

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: Magnetic Resonance in Chemistry; v. 49, n. 1, p. 23-29, JAN 2011.
• Citações Web of Science: 6

Resumo

The complete analysis of the complex (1)H NMR spectra of some monosubstituted cyclobutanes was achieved to give all the (1)H chemical shifts and (n)J(HH) (n = 2, 3 and 4) coupling constants in these molecules. The substituent chemical shifts of the substituents in the cyclobutane ring differ significantly from those in acyclic systems. For example, the OH and the NH(2) groups in cyclobutanol and cyclobutylamine produce a large shielding of the hydrogens of the opposite CH(2) group of the ring compared with little effect on the comparable methylene protons of butane. These effects and the other (1)H shifts in the cyclobutanes were modelled successfully in the CHARGE program. The RMS error (calculated vs observed shifts) for the 34 (1)H shifts recorded was 0.053 ppm. The conformational equilibrium in these compounds between the axial and the equatorial conformers was obtained by comparing the observed and the calculated (4)J(HH) couplings. These couplings in cyclobutanes, in contrast to the corresponding (3)J(HH) couplings, show a pronounced orientation dependence; (4)J(eq-eq) is ca 5 Hz and (4)J(ax-ax) ca 0 Hz. The couplings in the individual conformers were calculated at the B3LYP/EPR-III level. The conformer energy differences Delta G(ax-eq) vary from 1.1 kcal mol(-1) for OH to 0.2 kcal mol(-1) for the CH(2)OH substituent. The values of the conformer energy differences are compared with the previous IR data and the corresponding theoretical values from molecular mechanics (MM) and DFT theory. Generally, good agreement is observed although both the MM and the DFT calculations deviate significantly from the observed values for some substituents. Copyright (C) 2010 John Wiley \& Sons, Ltd. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 08/06282-0 - Estudo do mecanismo de transmissão de constantes de acoplamento escalar envolvendo o átomo de flúor
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