SARS-CoV-2 productively infects primary human immune system cells in vitro and in COVID-19 patients

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Pontelli, Marjorie C. ; Castro, Italo A. ; Martins, Ronaldo B. ; La Serra, Leonardo ; Veras, Flavio P. ; Nascimento, Daniele C. ; Silva, Camila M. ; Cardoso, Ricardo S. ; Rosales, Roberta ; Gomes, Rogerio ; Lima, Thais M. ; Souza, Juliano P. ; Vitti, Brenda C. ; Caetite, Diego B. ; de Lima, Mikhael H. F. ; Stumpf, Spencer D. ; Thompson, Cassandra E. ; Bloyet, Louis-Marie ; Toller-Kawahisa, Juliana E. ; Giannini, Marcela C. ; Bonjorno, Leticia P. ; Lopes, Maria I. F. ; Batah, Sabrina S. ; Li Siyuan ; Luppino-Assad, Rodrigo ; Almeida, Sergio C. L. ; Oliveira, Fabiola R. ; Benatti, Maira N. ; Pontes, Lorena L. F. ; Santana, Rodrigo C. ; Vilar, Fernando C. ; Auxiliadora-Martins, Maria ; Shi, Pei-Yong ; Cunha, Thiago M. ; Calado, Rodrigo T. ; Alves-Filho, Jose C. ; Zamboni, Dario S. ; Fabro, Alexandre T. ; Louzada-Junior, Paulo ; Oliveira, Rene D. R. ; Whelan, Sean P. J. ; Cunha, Fernando Q. ; Arruda, Eurico

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR CELL BIOLOGY; v. 14, n. 4, p. 14-pg., 2022-08-17.

Resumo

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is associated with a hyperinflammatory state and lymphocytopenia, a hallmark that appears as both signature and prognosis of disease severity outcome. Although cytokine storm and a sustained inflammatory state are commonly associated with immune cell depletion, it is still unclear whether direct SARS-CoV-2 infection of immune cells could also play a role in this scenario by harboring viral replication. We found that monocytes, as well as both B and T lymphocytes, were susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro, accumulating double-stranded RNA consistent with viral RNA replication and ultimately leading to expressive T cell apoptosis. In addition, flow cytometry and immunofluorescence analysis revealed that SARS-CoV-2 was frequently detected in monocytes and B lymphocytes from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. The rates of SARS-CoV-2-infected monocytes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from COVID-19 patients increased over time from symptom onset, with SARS-CoV-2-positive monocytes, B cells, and CD4(+) T lymphocytes also detected in postmortem lung tissue. These results indicated that SARS-CoV-2 infection of blood-circulating leukocytes in COVID-19 patients might have important implications for disease pathogenesis and progression, immune dysfunction, and virus spread within the host. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 14/02438-6 - Estudos com Bunyaviridae causadores de doença
• Beneficiário: Luiz Tadeu Moraes Figueiredo
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Temático
• Processo FAPESP: 13/16349-2 - Estudos sobre infecções persistentes por Paramyxovirus respiratórios humanos
• Beneficiário: Eurico de Arruda Neto
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Regular