Urban dynamics and territorial planning: urban climatic map and its use in master plan

• Grant number: 10/19447-7
• Support Opportunities: Research Grants - Young Investigators Grants
• Start date: August 01, 2011
• End date: July 31, 2014
• Field of knowledge: Applied Social Sciences - Architecture and Town Planning - Architecture and Urbanism Technology
• Principal Investigator: Alessandra Rodrigues Prata Shimomura
• Grantee: Alessandra Rodrigues Prata Shimomura
• Host Institution: Faculdade de Engenharia Civil, Arquitetura e Urbanismo (FEC). Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP). Campinas , SP, Brazil
• Associated scholarship(s): 11/13077-6 - Urban dynamics and territorial planning: urban climatic map and its use in master plan, BP.JP

Abstract

Worldwide more than 50% of people live in cities. The knowledge of urban climate contributes to the understanding of urban sustainability and must be translated in directives for urban planning. The urban climate is one of the elements of the physical environment, which is frequently disregarded in the process of urban planning. Thus, this research will aid in the understanding of the variables involved in the dynamics of the planning process, with views to the development of a methodology for the analysis of the environmental issue in cities, with emphasis on natural ventilation in the urban environment. These dynamics will be capable of identifying problems and checking hypotheses on their causes, defining possible actions to minimize or optimize the resulting effects. Among the climate variables, wind will be the main focus of this research, enabling an analysis of its behavior (direction and velocity), with the city's constructive characteristics (roughness). Urban areas, due to the complexity of the elements, generate changes in the aerodynamic, radiative and thermo-hygrometric characteristics of the atmosphere. For this reason the air flow which penetrates the city coming, for example, from the country or from the sea, will encounter different border conditions. We will use a methodology of analysis of the urban environment with the generation of specific maps (occupation density, urban roughness, green areas, classes of ventilation, surface temperature map, among other special parameters); where these information's will be cross-referenced with aims at producing an urban climatic map for the city (UCMaps - urban climatic map), with emphasis on the effect of the influence on natural ventilation on the city`s macro-zoning. This will aid in the decision-making of climatic directives for the occupation of the city. This process will be based on the Master Plan (PLANO DIRETOR) of the city of Campinas as well as on the Local Management Plans (macro-zoning). The urban planners need space-contextualized information of the urban environment and these will be generated in SIG environment - Sistema de Informações Geográficas - by means of satellite images and with the use of computing tools for the more specific analyses (roughness, urban ventilation). (AU)