Genomic analysis of a tomato (Solanum Lycopersicum L. cv. Micro-Tom) near isogenic line harboring a locus controlling Type IV glandular trichome formation introgressed from S. galapagense LA1401

• Grant number: 14/12863-6
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships abroad - Research Internship - Master's degree
• Start date: August 18, 2014
• End date: November 17, 2014
• Field of knowledge: Biological Sciences - Biology
• Principal Investigator: Lázaro Eustaquio Pereira Peres
• Grantee: Eloisa Vendemiatti
• Supervisor: Vagner Augusto Benedito
• Host Institution: Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz (ESALQ). Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Piracicaba , SP, Brazil
• Institution abroad: West Virginia University (WVU), United States
• Associated to the scholarship: 13/16784-0 - Natural variations study affecting defense against herbivory in tomato and its relationship with plant hormones., BP.MS

Abstract

Trichomes are specialized epidermic structures mostly responsible for plant herbivory protection. The Solanum genus has been used as a model to study trichome differentiation. The genus contains a large range of different types of trichomes, including glandular types. Glandular trichomes are called "biochemical factories", since they produce and accumulate specialized metabolites. The cultivated tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) does not have type IV glandular trichomes, which are present in some wild species (e.g. S. galapagense) and are the main sources of the natural insecticide, acyl sugars (AS). The present work is an attempt to characterize a novel natural genetic variation from S. galapagense introgressed into S. lycopersicum cv. Micro-Tom (MT). This near-isogenic line (NIL) produces type IV trichomes and the locus has been named Galapagos enhanced trichomes (Get). The most evident feature of the NIL harboring the Get allele from S. galapagense is the presence of glandular trichome type IV in both sides of the leaves. Since no enhanced AS production and neither insect resistance (Bemisia tabaci) were found in the MT-Get NIL (this data was shown in the first report of main project and is been attached in the documents), we propose that the gene located in this locus (GET) is specifically controlling trichome development and not the AS metabolic pathway. The aim of this work is to analyze resequencing genomic data from MT and MT-Get in order to build a genetic map based on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). This will provide for identification of candidate genes and the future cloning of the Get gene, which will generate novel insight about the development of glandular trichomes, in addition to being a useful tool for breeding new resistant varieties with reduced use of pesticides. (AU)