ENTROPY GENERATION FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OF ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIA AND THE OUTCOMES ON LIFE EXPECTANCY

• Grant number: 22/13287-5
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Scientific Initiation
• Start date: December 01, 2022
• End date: November 30, 2023
• Field of knowledge: Engineering - Mechanical Engineering - Thermal Engineering
• Principal Investigator: Carlos Eduardo Keutenedjian Mady
• Grantee: Julia Vitoria de Lima
• Host Institution: Faculdade de Engenharia Mecânica (FEM). Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP). Campinas , SP, Brazil

Abstract

Classical thermodynamics works with equilibrium and the macroscopic properties that characterize the thermodynamics states of a systems, studying the main processes of matter and energy exchange. This branch is present in the area of biological sciences through various analyzes of processes intrinsic to the human body, such as energy conversions and thermal interactions with the surrounding environment. Through an analysis of the entropy property and its transfers, we seek to compare the behavior of healthy cells concerning cancerous cells; based on the Second Law of Thermodynamics. Established on the fact that cancer cells generate more entropy than healthy cells, proposals for early diagnosis of cancer-related pathologies by monitoring the generation of entropy become possible The Acute Myeloid Leukemia will be used ao evaluate and collect data regarding the entropy generation. Therefore, we will evaluate how the cancer spreads in the bone marrow, and resulting in the genetic mutation of the carriers' stem cells. Thus producing diseased blood cells, whose multiplication process is extremely fast. Given the Second Law of Thermodynamics, it is known that in isolated systems where irreversible processes occur, entropy always increases, but cells exchange matter and energy with their surroundings; that is, the thermodynamics property entropy of the cell that can increase or decrease. In this way, by analyzing the human body of patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia as a control volume, it is possible to verify the generation of entropy greater than in a healthy cell, caused by a lesser interaction with the body environment and to monitor it. Hence, it is possible to detect and diagnose the disease through the high levels of the property. This work is part of a line of research whose objective is to evaluate and quantify, from the perspective of the second law, the effects of pathologies on the life expectancy of human beings.