Differences in the size and composition of atherosclerotic plaque in coronary arteries between men and women.

• Grant number: 22/14263-2
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Scientific Initiation
• Start date: March 01, 2023
• End date: December 31, 2023
• Field of knowledge: Health Sciences - Medicine - Medical Clinics
• Principal Investigator: Claudia Kimie Suemoto
• Grantee: Maria Eduarda de Avila Braga
• Host Institution: Faculdade de Medicina (FM). Universidade de São Paulo (USP). São Paulo , SP, Brazil

Abstract

Introduction: Cardiovascular disease is the main cause of mortality worldwide, with coronary artery disease (DAC) being the most common among them. Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory condition, being an autoimmune response to elevated LDL-cholesterol. Recent studies show differences in the levels of DAC incidence between women and men. The hormonal, behavioral, and lifestyle influences are being studied for a better understanding of the differences between the genders. The link connecting sex and age with the composition of atherosclerotic plaques is still unknown. Objective: To investigate coronary atherosclerosis in men and women population in an autopsy study, through the description of the atheroma plaque composition in both genders. The calculation of percentage of coronary artery obstruction will also be measured. Methods: This observational cross-sectional study will be developed from samples previously obtained from the Sao Paulo Autopsy Service of the University of São Paulo. The coronary arteries will be dissected, fixed, and analyzed microscopically with morphometric measurements. The plaques will be classified according to their instability and composition, considering the presence of plaque ruptures, erosion, and calcification. All these atherosclerotic plaque components will be traced manually with the aid of the Atherosclerosis Plaque Analyzer Software (APA). Conclusion: This project may contribute to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, as well as which components of the atherosclerotic plaque are more associated with each gender.