Mixture of microorganisms and partial replacement of base fertilizer in common bean cultivation in sandy soil

• Grant number: 24/07349-3
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Scientific Initiation
• Start date: October 01, 2024
• End date: September 30, 2025
• Field of knowledge: Agronomical Sciences - Agronomy - Crop Science
• Principal Investigator: Vagner do Nascimento
• Grantee: Mariana Bonini Silva
• Host Institution: Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Tecnológicas. Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP). Campus de Dracena. Dracena , SP, Brazil

Abstract

The common bean crop is demanding in nutrients, especially nitrogen, which is the largest nutrient extracted and exported, being the most limiting in its development. Based on this problem, research related to mixed inoculation with beneficial microorganisms of the genera Azospirillum, Bacillus and Trichoderma associated with Rhizobium tropici can enhance and increase the efficiency of biological nitrogen fixation and promote greater absorption of nutrients and water from the soil, with the possibility of replacement partial base fertilization (NPK) and provide increases in grain productivity, in addition to contributing to a sustainable, resilient and low-carbon agricultural practice. Thus, the objective of this research will be to investigate the effects of inoculating Rhizobium tropici alone via seeds and whether synergistic effects occur when mixed with beneficial microorganisms combined with partial replacement of base fertilizer (NPK) on agronomic and productive characteristics, nutritional composition and productivity. of "winter" beans in predominantly sandy soil. The research will be carried out in the municipality of Dracena, SP in a typical dystrophic Red Yellow Argisol, sandy texture. The experimental design will be in randomized blocks in a 4x4 factorial scheme, with four replications. The treatments will consist of four types of coinoculation (control, inoculation only with Rhizobium tropici, R. tropici + Tichoderma harzianum, R. tropici + Azospirillum brasilense, R. tropici + Bacillus subtilis) associated with partial dose replacement (zero, 33% , 66% and 100%) recommend seeding fertilizer (N-P2O5-K2O). The recommended dose of 100% N-P2O5-K2O will be calculated according to the soil analysis and expected bean productivity. The following will be evaluated in bean cultivation: plant population, plant dry matter, leaf concentration of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn, nutrient accumulation in the entire plant, relative content of leaf chlorophyll (ICF), nodulation and dry mass of nodules, number of pods per plant, number of grains per plant, average number of grains per pod, mass of one hundred grains, grain yield and crop cycle. The results will be subjected to analysis of variance. In isolated effects and interactions between factors, means will be compared using the Tukey test (p<0.05). The effect of sowing fertilizer doses will be analyzed using polynomial regression, adjusting significant linear and quadratic equation models using the F test.