IMPACT OF EARLY TOBACCO EXPOSURE ON ANTHROPOMETRIC OUTCOMES, BREASTFEEDING, AND INFANT NEUROPSYCHOMOTOR DEVELOPMENT AT 90 DAYS OF LIFE: GUARU-YÁ COHORT

• Grant number: 24/17624-1
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Scientific Initiation
• Start date: December 01, 2024
• End date: November 30, 2025
• Field of knowledge: Health Sciences - Medicine - Maternal and Child Health
• Principal Investigator: Maíra Barreto Malta
• Grantee: Melissa Gomes Vieira Xavier
• Host Institution: Pró-Reitoria de Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação. Universidade do Oeste Paulista (UNOESTE). Presidente Prudente , SP, Brazil

Abstract

Introduction: Early exposure to tobacco, both in utero and during the early stages of life, is a significant risk factor for fetal and infant health. Studies indicate that exposure to nicotine and other toxic substances present in cigarettes can cause issues such as intrauterine growth restriction, prematurity, and low birth weight. In vulnerable contexts, such as the municipality of Guarujá-SP, which has a high infant mortality rate, understanding the impact of tobacco exposure is crucial for maternal and infant public health. Objective: To investigate the impact of tobacco exposure, including maternal smoking and passive tobacco exposure in the household, on anthropometric outcomes at birth, breastfeeding duration, and infant neuropsychomotor development at 30 and 90 days of life. Methods: This study is part of the "Maternal and Infant Health and Mortality in Guarujá: Guaru-Yá Birth Cohort". Data from birth and follow-ups at 30 and 90 days will be used. Baseline data collection occurs at the maternity ward, and the 30 and 90-day evaluations are conducted via telephone interviews. The exposures include maternal smoking and passive tobacco exposure in the household during pregnancy and 30 days postpartum. The outcomes analyzed include anthropometric data at birth, breastfeeding duration, and infant neuropsychomotor development at 30 and 90 days. To investigate the independent associations between tobacco exposure and outcomes, multivariate regression models will be used, with binary logistic regression for categorical outcomes and linear regression for continuous outcomes. All statistical analyses will be performed using Stata 13.0 software, considering a significance level of p < 0.05.