Development of a Multielement Enhanced Efficiency Fertilizer Composed of a Biodegradable Matrix.

• Grant number: 24/14804-9
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate (Direct)
• Start date: June 01, 2025
• End date: February 28, 2029
• Field of knowledge: Physical Sciences and Mathematics - Chemistry - Inorganic Chemistry
• Principal Investigator: Roselena Faez
• Grantee: Rodrigo Ragazzi dos Santos
• Host Institution: Centro de Ciências Agrárias (CCA). Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR). Araras , SP, Brazil

Abstract

Enhanced efficiency fertilizers (EEFs) are innovative technologies that coat fertilizers with a protective barrier, reducing direct contact with the soil and improving nutrient availability. This minimizes the environmental and economic losses associated with conventional fertilization. However, commercially available EEFs are composed of non-biodegradable matrices that accumulate in the soil after use, raising long-term environmental concerns. This study proposes the development of a biodegradable EEF based on a poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and starch matrix incorporated with starch/fertilizer microspheres. Two complementary methods will be employed: encapsulation via spray drying to produce microspheres and thermal processing to incorporate these microspheres into the PVA/starch matrix. The resulting composite will be extruded into filaments and characterized for its thermal, structural, and morphological properties before, during, and after nutrient release and soil biodegradation tests. Understanding these properties will enable the modulation of 3D printing of a multilayer material in the form of a tablet. The obtained material will be used for crop growth under greenhouse conditions. The results will provide insights into the relationship between material properties, nutrient release, and biodegradation. In addition to driving significant scientific advancements and contributing to the development of sustainable agricultural technologies, this project aligns with the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG 2 - Zero Hunger and Sustainable Agriculture, SDG 12 - Responsible Consumption and Production, and SDG 13 - Climate Action, by proposing solutions that integrate technological innovation, resource efficiency, and environmental impact mitigation. (AU)