Generation of Biomaterial Microcapsules Associated with the Extracellular Matrix and Their Therapeutic Potential for Type I Diabetes Mellitus - Phase II

• Grant number: 25/14371-8
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Scientific Initiation
• Start date: August 01, 2025
• End date: July 31, 2026
• Field of knowledge: Biological Sciences - Morphology - Cytology and Cell Biology
• Principal Investigator: Marluce da Cunha Mantovani
• Grantee: Maria Luiza Arcoverde dos Santos
• Host Institution: Faculdade de Medicina (FM). Universidade de São Paulo (USP). São Paulo , SP, Brazil
• Associated research grant: 16/05311-2 - Regenerative medicine aiming at therapy for chronic degenerative diseases (cancer and diabetes), AP.TEM

Abstract

Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1D) is a chronic autoimmune disease caused by the destruction of pancreatic ¿-cells, which are responsible for insulin production. This condition leads to a lifelong dependence on insulin therapy, but even with treatment, complications are common. Alternatives such as pancreas or pancreatic islet transplantation have limitations, including donor scarcity and the need for immunosuppressants. In light of this, new approaches are being explored, such as the use of insulin-producing cells (IPCs) encapsulated in immunoprotective biomaterials. Cellular microencapsulation with biocompatible biopolymers is one of the most promising strategies, as it creates a physical barrier against the immune system and eliminates the need for immunosuppression. Moreover, the presence of extracellular matrix (ECM) in the cellular microenvironment has proven essential for maintaining ¿-cell functionality. This project proposes the production of immunoprotective microcapsules using the biomaterial Bioprotect®, developed by the NUCEL group, incorporating decellularized porcine pancreatic ECM. The aim is to enhance the viability, stability, and insulin secretion of encapsulated ¿-cells in a more physiological three-dimensional environment. The microcapsules will be evaluated for mechanical and thermal stability, morphology by electron microscopy, cytotoxicity, and functionality of porcine pancreatic islets in 3D culture. Biocompatibility will be assessed through the in vitro inflammatory response of macrophages. It is expected that this technology will contribute to new cell therapies for T1D, especially for patients who do not benefit from current treatment methods.