How Infrared Radiation in Termite Nests Affects Digestion and Gut Microbiota in a Warming Climate

• Grant number: 25/22656-2
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Scientific Initiation
• Start date: November 01, 2025
• End date: October 31, 2026
• Field of knowledge: Biological Sciences - Ecology - Ecosystems Ecology
• Principal Investigator: Alberto José Arab Olavarrieta
• Grantee: Luiza Felisardo Martins
• Host Institution: Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas (CCNH). Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC). Santo André , SP, Brazil
• Associated research grant: 25/13552-9 - How Infrared Radiation in Termite Nests Affects Digestion and Gut Microbiota in a Warming Climate, AP.R

Abstract

Termite digestion relies on symbiosis with gut microorganisms specialized in lignocellulose degradation. Recent data from our research group suggest that termite nests exhibit unique thermal properties, including the ability to absorb and retain infrared (IR) radiation, which may create internal microclimates that enhance enzymatic and microbial activity. With rising global temperatures and increased IR radiation, microclimatic changes within nests may directly influence termite digestion and physiology. This project will investigate the role of infrared radiation in modulating symbiotic digestion in termites by analyzing the thermal conditions within the nests of Cornitermes cumulans (Termitidae), a species that builds exposed nests subject to intense solar radiation and thermal fluctuations, particularly in the infrared spectrum. The proposal includes laboratory simulations of IR exposure and assessments of digestive activity and gut microbiota. The results will contribute to understanding how termites may respond to climate change and the ecological role of their nests as thermal regulators.