Abstract
Planetary arcs, the densest parts of a planetary ring, can be found in the planetary systems of Saturn and Neptune. In Neptune, these arcs (Fraternité, Egalité, Courage and Egalité) are located in the tenuous Adams ring. To constrain the spreading of the arcs, due to keplerian shear and dissipative forces, a recent confinement mechanism proposed that the azimuthal confinement is due to co…