Abstract
The metabolism of ATP into its metabolites ADP, AMP, and adenosine, and consequently, the regulation of purinergic signaling, is a tightly regulated process by a family of cell surface-located ecto-nucleotidases, including nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolases (NTPDases) and ecto-5'-nucleotidase (CD73). AMP is generated by the stepwise catabolism of ATP via the intermediate ADP in t…