Abstract
Acetazolamide is a diuretic that acts by inhibiting the carbonic anhydrase enzyme present in the proximal tubule of the nephron. The enzyme carbonic anhydrase acts by converting water and CO2 into carbonic acid (H2CO3), which ionizes into H+ and HCO3-, so its inhibition reduces the concentration of both and leads to the excretion of Na+ and water. Potassium (K+) is the main ion of the int…