Abstract
Vertical transmission of HTLV-1 occurs mainly through breastfeeding; however, new infections have been reported even with the infant deprived of breast milk. Others, in turn, have been breastfed for a prolonged period and remain HTLV-1 seronegative. Despite the possibility of intrafamilial transmission, offspring of the same offspring can be infected via the maternal-fetal (TMTF) route. T…