CV Lattes
ORCID
Abstract
Genetically modified plants expressing Bt toxins have been an important tool in the control of lepidopteran pests, such as S. frugiperda. After ingesting the Bt plant, susceptible insects are eliminated and the remaining, resistant and heterozygous insects persist in the environment.The technology must ensure that non-target organisms, such as predators and parasitoids, are not harmed. Ho…