Abstract
Haemonchus contortus, responsible for the haemonchosis disease, is the main gastrointestinal nematode (GIN) that infects sheep. Excretory-secretory (ES) products are relevant target antigens, as they are continuously secreted by parasites and have been associated with the development of immune protection against H. contortus. In a recent study, H. contortus IgM isotype antibodies against …