Abstract
The circadian rhythms of physiology and behavior, which are based on a highly ubiquitous gene regulatory network, play a crucial role in the age-based division of labor in social insects like Apis mellifera. These, which belong to the Apini tribe, along with the stingless bees (Meliponini), were the only ones to achieve the highest degree of eusociality among corbiculate bees. Despite 70%…