Abstract
The increasing production and use of nanoparticles (NPs; < 100 nm) of cobalt tungstate (CoWO4) and nickel tungstate (NiWO4) in environmental and technological areas contributes to the presence of these contaminants in aquatic ecosystems. Although several studies report the toxicity of NPs to aquatic biota, the toxic potential of CoWO4 and NiWO4 on freshwater organisms is still unknown. In…