Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy of the urinary tract and one of the most prevalent cancers worldwide. As the overall prognosis of BC has not changed over the past 30 years, there is a pressing medical need to develop new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) immunotherapy is the most effective form of intravesical therapy for the prophylax…