CV Lattes
ORCID
Abstract
Smoking, from its early stages, causes changes in the vocal folds, affecting vocal quality (Gonzales & Carpi, 2004). However, there is a notable gap in the literature regarding the correlation between vocal acoustic parameters and the level of exhaled carbon monoxide (eCO), an index considered a possible indicator of pulmonary and/or systemic inflammation or oxidative stress (Ryter & Choi…