Abstract
Introduction: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) and systemic autoimmune myopathies (SAMs) are rare rheumatic autoimmune diseases whose diagnosis might be a challenge. The presence of serum autoantibodies (AAbs) is hallmark of the immune abnormalities of rheumatic diseases and have an important role in SSc and SAMs diagnosis. In SSc, about 10 most common AAbs are found, and >95% of the SSc patients…