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(Reference retrieved automatically from Web of Science through information on FAPESP grant and its corresponding number as mentioned in the publication by the authors.)

Structure and ontogeny of the fissured stems of Callaeum (Malpighiaceae)

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Author(s):
Cabanillas, Pablo A. ; Pace, Marcelo R. ; Angyalossy, Veronica
Total Authors: 3
Document type: Journal article
Source: IAWA Journal; v. 38, n. 1, p. 49-66, 2017.
Web of Science Citations: 3
Abstract

Stem ontogeny and structure of two neotropical twining vines of the genus Callaeum are described. Secondary growth in Callaeum begins with a typi-cal regular cambium that gradually becomes lobed as a result of variation in xylem and phloem production rates in certain portions of the stem aligned with stem orthostichies. As development progresses, lignified ray cells of the initially formed secondary xylem detach on one side from the adjacent tissues, forming a natural fracture that induces the proliferation of both ray and axial nonlignified parenchyma. At the same time, parenchyma proliferation takes place around the pith margin and generates a ring of radially arranged parenchyma cells. The parenchyma generated in this process (here termed disrup-tive parenchyma) keeps dividing throughout stem development. As growth continues, the parenchyma finally cleaves the lignified axial parts of the vas-cular system into several isolated fragments of different sizes. Each fragment consists of xylem, phloem and vascular cambium and is immersed in a ground matrix of disruptive parenchyma. The cambium present in each fragment divides anticlinally to almost encircle each entire fragment and maintains its regular activity by producing xylem to the centre of the fragment and phloem to the periphery. Additionally, new cambia arise within the disruptive parenchyma and produce xylem and phloem in various polarities, such as xylem to the inside and phloem to the outside of the stem, or perpendicularly to the original cambium. Unlike the very distinctive stem anatomical architecture resulting from this cambial variant in Callaeum, its secondary xylem and phloem exhibit features typical of lianas. These features include very wide conducting cells, abundant axial parenchyma, high and heterocellular rays and gelatinous fibres. (AU)

FAPESP's process: 13/10679-0 - Ontogenetic, functional and evolutionary aspects of the cambial variants in tracheophytes
Grantee:Veronica Angyalossy
Support Opportunities: BIOTA-FAPESP Program - Regular Research Grants
FAPESP's process: 12/01099-8 - Ontogeny, phylogeny and evolution of the vascular system of lianas
Grantee:Marcelo Rodrigo Pace
Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate