Stress-induced cardiometabolic perturbations, increased oxidative stress and ACE/ACE2 imbalance are improved by endurance training in rats

Author(s):Show less -

Guzzoni, Vinicius ; Sanches, Andrea ; Costa, Rafaela ; de Souza, Livia Bruni ; Firoozmand, Lilia Taddeo ; de Abreu, Isabel Cristina Mallosto Emerich ; Guerra, Joyce Ferreira da Costa ; Pedrosa, Maria Lucia ; Casarini, Dulce Elena ; Marcondes, Fernanda Klein ; Cunha, Tatiana Sousa

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: Life Sciences; v. 305, p. 15-pg., 2022-07-11.

Abstract

Aims: To investigate the effects of endurance training on stress-induced cardiometabolic perturbations given the elevated release of stress hormones and subsequent glucose homeostasis perturbations.Materials and methods: Rats were randomized into non-trained rats, rats submitted to endurance training, non -trained rats submitted to stress, and trained rats submitted to stress. Endurance training was applied for 8 weeks, while chronic stress was applied at the 4th, 5th, and 6th weeks of the training period. Two weeks after the last stressor stimuli, rats were euthanized, and blood and heart were collected for biochemical tests.Key findings: Exacerbated corticosterone levels were observed in both stressed groups, and chronic stress per se impaired glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. Training reduced circulating adrenaline, even though noradrenaline levels were elevated in the blood and heart of trained rats. While stress-induced high circulating serotonin levels were further increased by endurance training, cardiac serotonin levels were attenuated in trained rats. Endurance training mitigated the stress-induced higher circulating lipids. Cardiac TBARs and GPx activity increased in trained rats while CAT and GPx were reduced in response to chronic stress. Endurance training not only attenuated the stress-induced higher circulating ACE/ACE2 ratio but also reduced ACE/ACE2 balance in the heart. Glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, and altered stress hormones release were linked to impairment of cardiometabolic responses, elevated oxidative stress, and dysregulation of ACE/ACE2 ratio. Significance: Endurance training mitigated the stress-related pathophysiological responses, which could be related to improvements in the antioxidant capacity and the balance of ACE/ACE2 activity. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 13/00798-2 - The extracellular matrix in aging, exercise and in the tumor microenvironment
• Grantee: Heloisa Sobreiro Selistre de Araújo
• Support Opportunities: Research Projects - Thematic Grants
• FAPESP's process: 21/06090-8 - Role of endurance training on chronic stress-induced cardiac hypertrophy: involvement of the renin angiotensin system, JNK and p38 MAPK signaling pathways
• Grantee: Vinicius Guzzoni
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctoral