Impact of sleep restriction in B-1 cells activation and differentiation

Author(s)

Vidal, Andrey Sladkevicius ; Reis, Natasha Ferraz de Campos ; Lorenzo, Beatriz Helena Pizarro De ; Alvares-Saraiva, Anuska Marcelino ; Xander, Patricia ; Brito, Ronni Romulo Novaes

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: Immunobiology; v. 227, n. 6, p. 11-pg., 2022-11-01.

Abstract

B-1 lymphocytes are a subtype of B cells with functional and phenotypic features that differ from conventional B lymphocytes. These cells are mainly located in mice's pleural and peritoneal cavities and express unconventional B cell surface markers. B-1 cells participate in immunity by producing antibodies, cytokines, and chemokines and physically interacting with other immune cells. In addition, B-1 cells can differentiate into mononuclear phagocyte-like cells and phagocytize several pathogens. However, the activation and differentiation of B-1 cells are not entirely understood. It is known that several factors can influence B-1 cells, such as pathogens compo-nents and the immune response. This work aimed to evaluate the influence of chronic stress on B-1 cell activation and differentiation into phagocytes. The experimental sleep restriction was used as a stress model since the sleep alteration alters several immune cells' functions. Thus, mice were submitted to sleep restriction for 21 consec-utive days, and the activation and differentiation of B-1 cells were analyzed. Our results demonstrated that B-1 cells initiated the differentiation process into mononuclear phagocytes after the period of sleep restriction. In addition, we detected a significant decrease in lymphoid lineage commitment factors (EBF, E2A, Blnk) (*P < 0.05) and an increase in the G-CSFR gene (related to the myeloid lineage commitment factor) (****P < 0.0001), as compared to control mice no submitted to sleep restriction. An increase in the co-stimulatory molecules CD80 and CD86 (**P < 0.01 and *P < 0.05, respectively) and a higher production of nitric oxide (NO) (*P < 0.05) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) (*P < 0.05) were also observed in B-1 cells from mice submitted to sleep re-striction. Nevertheless, B-1 cells from sleep-restricted mice showed a significant reduction in the Toll-like re-ceptors (TLR)-2,-6, and-9, and interleukine-10 (IL-10) cytokine expression (***P < 0.001) as compared to control. Sleep-restricted mice intraperitoneally infected with L. amazonensis promastigotes showed a reduction in the average internalized parasites (*P < 0.05) by B-1 cells. These findings suggest that sleep restriction in-terferes with B-1 lymphocyte activation and differentiation. In addition, b-1 cells assumed a more myeloid profile but with a lower phagocytic capacity in this stress condition. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 19/21614-3 - Extracellular vesicles released by Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis with distinct virulence profiles: characterization, role in immune response and disease progression
• Grantee: Patricia Xander Batista
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 13/22963-5 - Effects of sleep deprivation on the development of metastasis in a murine melanoma model
• Grantee: Beatriz Duarte Palma Xylaras
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants