Historical mercury contamination in a major Latin American industrial and port complex: The case of the Santos estuary, Southeastern Brazil

Author(s)

Angeli, Jose Lourenco Friedmann ; Sartoretto, Julie Rosemberg ; Kim, Bianca Sung Mi ; Ferreira, Paulo Alves de Lima ; Benedetti, Beatriz ; de Mahiques, Michel Michaelovitch ; Figueira, Rubens Cesar Lopes

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: Marine Pollution Bulletin; v. 184, p. 7-pg., 2022-11-01.

Abstract

The present study determined total mercury (Hg) in four 210Pb dated sediment cores to assess the historical anthropogenic Hg accumulation in the Santos estuary, Southeastern Brazil. Background levels were identified using the deepest sections of the cores, corresponding to pre-industrial ages. Mercury distribution in the sediment cores (0.02-2.64 mg kg-1) presented a large spatial and temporal variation. Contamination is highest in the upper estuary and indicates that the industrial hub, especially a chlor-alkali plant is the primary source of Hg. A contaminant trap effect is observed in this area associated with high fine sediment accumulation and Hg fluxes. The contamination pattern indicates that the regions not affected by direct inputs are influenced by reworking, resuspension, and transport of contaminated sediments by tidal flows. The Hg enrichment in the upper layers of the sediment cores demonstrates that the environmental actions fulfilled in the 1980s were insufficient to control Hg pollution in the Santos estuary. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 11/50581-4 - Susceptibility and resilience of urban estuarine systems to global changes: hydro-sedimentologic budget; sea-level rise; response to extreme events
• Grantee: Rubens Cesar Lopes Figueira
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 17/08987-0 - Mudbelts of the South and Southeast Brazil: a geochemical dataset to investigate anthropogenic impacts
• Grantee: Bianca Sung Mi Kim
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate