Biomarkers for Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Response in NSCLC: Current Developments and Applicability

Author(s)

Tostes, Katiane ; Siqueira, Alexia Polo ; Reis, Rui Manuel ; Leal, Leticia Ferro ; Arantes, Lidia Maria Rebolho Batista

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES; v. 24, n. 15, p. 18-pg., 2023-08-01.

Abstract

Lung cancer has the highest mortality rate among all cancer types, resulting in over 1.8 million deaths annually. Immunotherapy utilizing immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has revolutionized the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). ICIs, predominantly monoclonal antibodies, modulate co-stimulatory and co-inhibitory signals crucial for maintaining immune tolerance. Despite significant therapeutic advancements in NSCLC, patients still face challenges such as disease progression, recurrence, and high mortality rates. Therefore, there is a need for predictive biomarkers that can guide lung cancer treatment strategies. Currently, programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression is the only established biomarker for predicting ICI response. However, its accuracy and robustness are not consistently reliable. This review provides an overview of potential biomarkers currently under development or in the validation stage that hold promise in improving the classification of responders and non-responders to ICI therapy in the near future. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 21/08352-0 - Immune-checkpoint inhibitors: biomarkers to predict response in non-small cell Lung Cancer patients
• Grantee: Katiane Tostes
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate (Direct)
• FAPESP's process: 21/04100-6 - Immune-checkpoint inhibitors: immunophenotyping and clinical outcome to predict response at Barretos Cancer Hospital
• Grantee: Lidia Maria Rebolho Batista Arantes
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Young Researchers
• FAPESP's process: 19/07111-9 - Immune-checkpoint inhibitors: immunophenotyping and clinical outcome to predict response at Barretos Cancer Hospital
• Grantee: Lidia Maria Rebolho Batista Arantes
• Support Opportunities: Research Grants - Young Investigators Grants