High mammal species turnover in forest patches immersed in biofuel plantations

Author(s)

Beca, Gabrielle ; Vancine, Mauricio H. ; Carvalho, Carolina S. ; Pedrosa, Felipe ; Alves, Rafael Souza C. ; Buscariol, Daiane ; Peres, Carlos A. ; Ribeiro, Milton Cezar ; Galetti, Mauro

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: Biological Conservation; v. 210, p. 8-pg., 2017-06-01.

Abstract

Remnant habitat patches immersed within biofuel cropland matrices can retain considerable species diversity, although the effects of land use change on species persistence in historically modified landscapes remain unclear. The Atlantic Forest is one of the most fragmented South American biodiversity hotspots and retains about 12% of its original vegetation cover. Most of these remnants are distributed in small isolated fragments immersed mainly within pastures and sugarcane monocultures. Here we examine how species richness and composition of medium and large-sized mammals are explained by forest cover, structural area and forest edge amount at the landscape scale. We sampled 22 fragmented landscapes dominated by sugarcane plantations along a wide gradient of forest cover (3% to 96%) in southeastern Brazil. We recorded 88% of terrestrial mammal species expected for this region, but many likely local extirpations were detected at the landscape scale, with losses between 50% to 80% of species. Most of the landscapes were highly depleted of forest-specialist species, with replacements by exotics and/or species typical of non-forest habitats. We found that total mammalian species richness, which includes forest-specialists, generalists, exotics and non-forest dwelling species, was not affected by landscape metrics, such as forest cover, structural area and forest edge amount. Nevertheless, forest cover was important predictor of the presence of three ungulates, a medium-sized rodent and an armadillo. Local mammalian communities exhibited a high degree of species turnover between landscapes, representing 95% of the total beta-diversity. In this region, where there was no regional extinction, landholder compliance with the Brazilian Forest Bill and restoration measures will enhance habitat connectivity and mammal persistence across the wider unprotected countryside. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 15/18381-6 - Reversing defaunation or increasing ecological degradation? Invasion ecology of feral pigs Sus scrofa in a defaunated landscape
• Grantee: Felipe Pedrosa Chagas
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate (Direct)
• FAPESP's process: 14/01029-5 - Ecological and genetics effects of seed size variation in a defaunated landscape
• Grantee: Carolina da Silva Carvalho
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate
• FAPESP's process: 13/50421-2 - New sampling methods and statistical tools for biodiversity research: integrating animal movement ecology with population and community ecology
• Grantee: Milton Cezar Ribeiro
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 14/01986-0 - Ecological consequences of defaunation in the Atlantic Rainforest
• Grantee: Mauro Galetti Rodrigues
• Support Opportunities: Research Projects - Thematic Grants
• FAPESP's process: 14/23095-0 - Enviromental and landscape influences on functional diversity of mammals in the Atlantic Forest
• Grantee: Gabrielle Cristina Beca
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships abroad - Research Internship - Master's degree