Mix-method toolbox for monitoring greenhouse gas production and microbiome responses to soil amendments

Author(s)

Lourenco, Kesia Silva ; Suleiman, Afnan Khalil Ahmad ; Pijl, Agata ; Dimitrov, Mauricio R. ; Cantarella, Heitor ; Kuramae, Eiko Eurya

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: METHODSX; v. 12, p. 20-pg., 2024-06-01.

Abstract

In this study, we adopt an interdisciplinary approach, integrating agronomic field experiments with soil chemistry, molecular biology techniques, and statistics to investigate the impact of organic residue amendments, such as vinasse (a by-product of sugarcane ethanol production), on soil microbiome and greenhouse gas (GHG) production. The research investigates the effects of distinct disturbances, including organic residue application alone or combined with inorganic N fertilizer on the environment. The methods assess soil microbiome dynamics (composition and function), GHG emissions, and plant productivity. Detailed steps for field experimental setup, soil sampling, soil chemical analyses, determination of bacterial and fungal community diversity, quantification of genes related to nitrification and denitrification pathways, measurement and analysis of gas fluxes (N 2 O, CH 4 , and CO 2 ), and determination of plant productivity are provided. The outcomes of the methods are detailed in our publications (Louren & ccedil;o et al., 2018a; Louren & ccedil;o et al., 2018b; Louren & ccedil;o et al., 2019; Louren & ccedil;o et al., 2020). Additionally, the statistical methods and scripts used for analyzing large datasets are outlined. The aim is to assist researchers by addressing common challenges in large-scale field experiments, offering practical recommendations to avoid common pitfalls, and proposing potential analyses, thereby encouraging collaboration among diverse research groups. center dot Interdisciplinary methods and scientific questions allow for exploring broader interconnected environmental problems. center dot The proposed method can serve as a model and protocol for evaluating the impact of soil amendments on soil microbiome, GHG emissions, and plant productivity, promoting more sustainable management practices. center dot Time -series data can offer detailed insights into specific ecosystems, particularly concerning soil microbiota (taxonomy and functions). (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 13/50365-5 - Microbial networks in control of greenhouse gases emissions in biobased agriculture - MiniBag
• Grantee: Heitor Cantarella
• Support Opportunities: Program for Research on Bioenergy (BIOEN) - Regular Program Grants
• FAPESP's process: 13/12716-0 - GREENHOUSE GAS FLOWS (CO2, N2O AND CH4) FROM SOIL WITH SUGARCANE AS AFFECTED BY REGULAR OR CONCENTRATE VINASSE AT DIFFERENT APPLICATION TIMES.
• Grantee: Késia Silva Lourenço
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate
• FAPESP's process: 18/20698-6 - Nitrification inhibitor as strategy to mitigate N2O emissions and its impacts on the active nitrifying and denitrifying soil microbial communities after concentrated vinasse and mineral N application
• Grantee: Késia Silva Lourenço
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctoral
• FAPESP's process: 14/24141-5 - Microbial networks in control of greenhouse gases emissions from soil with sugarcane as affected by regular or concentrate vinasse
• Grantee: Késia Silva Lourenço
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships abroad - Research Internship - Doctorate